Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
“…to advance the cause of peace among nations; to hasten the renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy; to encourage and promote methods for the peaceful settlement of international differences and for the increase of international understanding and concord; and to aid in the development of international law and the acceptance by all nations of the principles underlying such law.”
As a physician, one is trained to elicit a patient’s history, observe and examine carefully, seek information, apply logic, consider alternative explanations, hone in on the diagnosis, take account of values and preferences, reach a treatment plan, and face up to the prognosis. Medicine, like the practice of statecraft, is both an art and a science. As crises, conflicts, and cataclysms grip every region of the globe, the world depends on leaders and experts who can maintain the health of our international system. In these trying times, Carnegie’s world-renowned scholars are doing their part to decipher, analyze, and craft solutions to a host of challenges to global security and nternational peace.
At each Board of Trustees meeting, I am struck anew by the quality, scale, and scope of Carnegie’s reach and research agenda. Over the past year alone, the board has had the opportunity to engage with scholars from each of our global centers and on topics ranging from climate diplomacy to closing space for civil society, India’s rise to Russia’s revanchism, political transitions from Tunisia to Turkey, and emerging challenges from cyberspace to outer space.
If we are to manage this moment of unprecedented international fragility, we must continue to invest in the kind of independent, nonpartisan research that has defined the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace throughout its storied history.
Thanks to my remarkable fellow board members and the exceptional leadership of Bill Burns, Carnegie has taken unprecedented strides over the past year. The board has stepped up to record levels of giving and a successful campaign to endow Carnegie’s prestigious Junior Fellows Program and name it in honor of former chairman James C. Gaither. This tribute is the perfect convergence of purpose, place, and person and the kind of investment that ensures the continued preparation of the next generation of thinkers and doers in the international arena.
The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace has managed to grow in size and reach while adhering to its core principles of transparency and accountability in all financial and programmatic activities.
I have never been more optimistic about Carnegie’s future nor more certain of its vital role in the world today.
Sincerely,
Harvey V. Fineberg, MD, PhD
Chairman
As I reflect on my first full year as president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, I am reminded of how fortunate I am to lead this historic institution. At a moment of unprecedented disorder and dislocation, uncertainty and unease, our work is more important than ever. Our one hundred scholars in twenty countries around the world remain committed to our founding mission. Together, we work to map a changing global order and offer our best ideas on how to navigate it away from conflict and toward cooperation and understanding.
Thanks to our extraordinary staff and scholars and to the partnership and leadership of our board, 2016 proved to be a year full of historic milestones. We opened our sixth global center, Carnegie India, in New Delhi. We secured the largest non-foundation gift in our history to endow the Junior Fellows Program, Carnegie’s flagship effort to promote the next generation of scholars and practitioners in international affairs. We launched the Cyber Policy Initiative, the foundation of a new program on technology, innovation, and international affairs. We welcomed our first journalist in residence and distinguished visiting fellow, the Atlantic’s editor in chief, Jeffrey Goldberg. We unveiled new web platforms like Carnegie.ru and Diwan, and our global mobile app to strengthen the connection with the 85 percent of our readers and colleagues from outside the United States.
As we deepened our scholarly work through major initiatives like the Fragility Study Group; Task Force on U.S. Policy Toward Russia, Ukraine, and Eurasia; Rising Democracies Network; Arab World Horizons project; Oil-Climate Index; and much more, we also took important steps in solidifying Carnegie’s financial foundations. Indeed, we secured more grant funding and new endowment contributions this year than any other year in Carnegie’s history.
In the pages of this report, you will learn more about these milestones and many others. You will also get a sense of the depth and breadth of our work and see Carnegie’s global network in action. My hope is that the report will make vivid the value of looking at consequential issues from multiple perspectives and vantage points and working together to identify policies that contribute to a more peaceful and prosperous world.
Our work is made possible by all those inspired by Andrew Carnegie’s commitment to philanthropy and peace. They are led by our extraordinary Board of Trustees, whose generosity and partnership remains an essential prerequisite to Carnegie’s continued importance and relevance in its second century.
I look forward to your active participation in our global conversation and to welcoming you to Carnegie.
Sincerely,
William J. Burns
President
Andrew Carnegie founded the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in 1910, a transformative moment in a world struggling with the physical and ethical consequences of war.
Over the past century, the world has made extraordinary progress toward realizing his vision of peace and prosperity, but we stand today at a similar inflection point—a moment when transformative forces are once again threatening the tenuous foundations of international order. The return of great power politics. A historic refugee crisis. A changing climate. The dislocating economic and security effects of new technologies. Rising tides of populism and authoritarianism.
These and many other twenty-first-century challenges demonstrate the continued relevance and importance of Andrew Carnegie’s commitment to international peace.
With one hundred experts in twenty countries, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace provides a global, in-depth perspective on the central issues of our time. We are less interested in who is up and who is down on any given day in any given capital. We look beyond the daily headlines and debates to examine the longer trend lines shaping global order and how different actors perceive and respond to those issues. In today’s world, having a global perspective is an essential prerequisite for making sound policy and achieving maximum impact.
Our analysts evaluate not only the on-the-ground dynamics of the civil war in Syria but also the relevant drivers and actions of Russia, the United States, Turkey, and Iran. They both assess and compare the prospects of rising powers like China and India from within and outside the Asia Pacific. They look at the governance and security challenges posed by new technologies emerging from Silicon Valley to Bangalore.
Carnegie is committed to adapting to a changing geopolitical landscape and to remaining nonpartisan and independent. Carnegie’s experts use a range of techniques to inform policy—from public events and publications to quiet convening and consultations. These experts include scholars and practitioners from all domains, including academia, government, development institutions, civil society, and business. Working together, across physical and intellectual borders, they offer rigorous research and innovative ideas to help policymakers address increasingly complex global problems.
President, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
Chief Economic Adviser, Allianz SE
Group Chief Executive, Petrofac Limited
Executive Vice President and Secretary, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Managing Director, Allen & Company
Co-Founder, CEO, and Managing Director, Makena Capital Management
President, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Chairman of the Board, Projects International, Inc.
Vice Chairman of the Board, C3 Energy
Chairman of the Board of Directors, Swiss Re Ltd.
Chairman, Value Retail PLC
Global Head, Corporate and Investment Banking, Citi
Chairman and Group CEO, Bharti Enterprises
Chairman and Managing Partner, Global Infrastructure Partners
Chairman Emeritus, Dodge & Cox Funds
Director, Enterprise Asset Management
Former CEO, Wildfire and Director of Product, Google
President, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Founding Director Emeritus and Distinguished Scholar, Kissinger Institute on China and the United States, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
Senior Judge, District of Columbia Court of Appeals
Founding Partner and Managing Director, Siguler Guff and Company
Chairman, Sir Ratan Tata Trust and Navajbai Ratan Tata Trust, and Sir Dorabji Tata Trust and the Allied Trusts
Former CEO, Syncsort, Inc.
Honorary Chairman, Novartis International AG
Founding Chairman and CEO, ChinaEquity Group
General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, Citigroup Inc.
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, CITIC Capital Holdings Limited
Technology’s capacity to simultaneously advance and threaten global peace and security is a topic of growing concern among government, business, and civil society actors. In too many areas, the scale and scope of technological innovation is outpacing the development of norms and rules intended to maximize benefits and minimize risks.
Carnegie partnered with Carnegie Mellon University for a two-part colloquium that brought together the endowment’s global policy scholars with the university’s technical experts. The first part, held in Washington, focused on artificial intelligence and its implications in civilian and military domains. The subsequent session in Pittsburgh examined internet governance and cyberdeterrence.
Ariel (Eli) Levite is a senior fellow based in Tel Aviv and a founding member of Carnegie’s Cyber Policy Initiative. A former deputy national security adviser in Israel, Levite also served as the principal deputy director general for policy at the Israeli Atomic Energy Commission from 2002 to 2007 and head of the Bureau of International Security and Arms Control in the Israeli Ministry of Defense.
Visiting Scholar Sinan Ülgen, a former Turkish diplomat based in Brussels and Istanbul, outlined how the United States and Europe could converge on key cyber policy challenges in Governing Cyberspace: A Road Map for Transatlantic Leadership. He recommends developing norms and instruments for mass data collection, the export of surveillance technology, and the deterrence of cybercrime and cyberespionage.
In today’s world, no single country will be able to dictate these norms and rules. As a global institution with significant reach into some of the most technologically capable governments and societies, Carnegie is especially well positioned to identify and bridge different views and approaches to risk.
In 2016, building on decades of research and policy work in the nuclear domain, Carnegie launched a Cyber Policy Initiative to do just that. The initiative is exploring specific measures that countries could adopt to protect the integrity of financial data and algorithms, incentivize responsible private sector defenses against cyberattacks, limit threats to the information and communication technology supply chain, and avoid cyber first strikes on strategic command and control systems.
Led by Vice President for Studies George Perkovich, Senior Fellow Eli Levite, and Fellow Tim Maurer, the initiative is working with senior officials, experts, and private sector leaders in ten countries to identify restraints that would be acceptable and beneficial to all.
In New Delhi, Carnegie India has a complementary initiative on exploring how technological innovation can accelerate the development of large emerging economies. It is bringing together leading Indian and international corporations, technology innovators, regulators, and policymakers to ascertain which approaches will reap the most benefit from new disruptive technologies.
Recognizing the relevance of technological advances to strategic stability, Nuclear Policy Program Co-Director James M. Acton is leading a team of U.S., Chinese, and Russian experts to understand how new technologies, like long-range hypersonic missiles, could make a conventional conflict turn nuclear and what mechanisms could alleviate that risk. Fellow Tristan Volpe has looked at how the revolution in manufacturing, including the spread of 3-D printing machines, makes it easier than ever to acquire nuclear weapons—and harder than ever to detect and stop their proliferation.
Carnegie and Stanford University’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies hosted a forum in May that examined the way in which technology can simultaneously advance and challenge global peace and security.
Co-Founder and Partner Emeritus, Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers
Co-Founder and General Partner, Draper Richards
General Partner, U.S. Venture Partners
Chief Executive Officer, Snowflake Computing
Vice President, Dodge & Cox
Chief Financial Officer, Alphabet
Former Central Intelligence Agency analyst
The Asia Pacific is characterized by economic dynamism and acute geopolitical competition. Home to half of the world’s population, it is the most consequential region for global order in the twenty-first century. The choices made by key players in the region in the coming years will determine whether the promise of cooperation and interdependence will succumb to familiar traps of mistrust, zero-sum politics, and conflict.
In 2016, Carnegie launched its newest center, Carnegie India in New Delhi. In a short period, its scholars have already contributed to domestic debates on both long-standing challenges and emerging issues. Their analysis has explored illegal immigration from Bangladesh, the fisheries dispute with Sri Lanka, the development and security challenges of artificial intelligence, the regulation of civilian drones, and India’s political and military capacity to be a stabilizing force in the Asia Pacific.
In recognition of the partnership of the Tata Trusts in the founding of Carnegie India in New Delhi, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace established the Tata Chair for Strategic Affairs. Senior Fellow Ashley J. Tellis, one of the most renowned and sought-after experts in international security, defense, and Asian strategic issues, is the inaugural holder of the chair.
One of the most complex challenges facing India is its relationship with its nuclear-armed rival, Pakistan. In their new book, Not War, Not Peace?, Vice President for Studies George Perkovich and Nuclear Policy Program Co-Director Toby Dalton evaluate India’s available strategies to deter cross-border terrorism while staying to the left of nuclear “boom.”
Carnegie continues to analyze China’s economic, policy, and security reforms, both domestically and internationally. With currencies and stock markets jolted by China’s slowing economy, China watchers have turned to Carnegie economists Michael Pettis and Yukon Huang. A Beijing-based professor and former banker, Pettis warned of the slowdown in several farsighted articles. Huang, a former World Bank China director, demonstrated how factors in the Chinese economy such as the debt overhang are frequently misunderstood, leading to faulty policy recommendations.
Escalating security dilemmas, from competition in the South China Sea to North Korea’s erratic behavior, have also captured the attention of policymakers and analysts alike. In the report Creating a Stable Asia: An Agenda for a U.S.-China Balance of Power, Senior Fellow Michael D. Swaine assesses years of crisis-management dialogue between the Chinese and U.S. militaries to outline how Beijing and Washington can accommodate one another’s ambitions in the Pacific Century. Following the election of Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen, Vice President for Studies Douglas H. Paal published a series of articles suggesting how policymakers in Taiwan, the Chinese mainland, and the United States could peacefully manage the sensitive political transition. Nonresident Senior Fellow Chung Min Lee’s Fault Lines in a Rising Asia outlined the diverse and divisive challenges plaguing the continent and the need for Asian powers to come together to resolve them, as opposed to simply blaming the West. Ahead of Chinese President Xi Jinping’s state visit to the United States, Carnegie–Tsinghua Center for Global Policy Director Paul Haenle offered a framework for Washington to respond to the new realities of a rising China. In his upcoming report, Uncommon Alliance for the Common Good, Senior Fellow James L. Schoff provides a detailed account of the post–Cold War U.S.-Japan alliance and how Washington and Tokyo can deepen their partnership in Asia and around the world.
The Carnegie–Tsinghua Center for Global Policy was honored to celebrate a $4 million commitment to the center from Wang Chaoyong, a center advisory council member and the first Chinese member of Carnegie’s Board of Trustees.
The donation is part of Wang’s gift of $16 million to Tsinghua University. As the founding member and chief executive officer of ChinaEquity Group—one of the leading venture capital and private equity firms in China—and a founding member of Morgan Stanley’s investment banking team in Beijing, Wang has dedicated more than twenty-seven years to pioneering and developing China’s involvement in international markets.
Senior Fellow Li Bin and Fellow Tong Zhao provide an unprecedented look at China’s nuclear strategy and doctrine in their new edited volume, Understanding Chinese Nuclear Thinking. Published in Chinese and English, it also examines whether and how the strategy should evolve.
In “India as a Leading Power,” Senior Fellow Ashley J. Tellis argues that India will only become a leading power when its economic foundations, state institutions, and military capabilities are truly robust.
In “The Indian Administrative Service Meets Big Data,” Senior Fellow Milan Vaishnav and Research Analyst Saksham Khosla discuss how the Indian Administrative Service is in urgent need of reform to keep pace with, and safeguard, the country’s burgeoning economy. Carnegie India Director C. Raja Mohan co-edited India’s Naval Strategy and Asian Security, which focuses on the changing nature of India’s maritime orientation, the recent evolution of its naval strategy, and its emerging defense diplomacy.
The third annual Carnegie Global Dialogue, held in Beijing over the course of two weeks, brought together scholars from across Carnegie’s network to discuss China’s evolving foreign policy and international role and to identify effective solutions to shared global challenges.
Carnegie–Tsinghua’s weeklong Distinguished Speakers Program invites senior scholars and former policymakers from the United States to Beijing to meet with Chinese think tank analysts, scholars, students, government and military officials, business leaders, and members of the Chinese and international press corps. In December 2015, weeks before Taiwan’s landmark elections in January, a top U.S. scholar on Taiwan, Shelley Rigger, spoke with Chinese government officials, including Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Zheng Zeguang and Vice Minister of the Taiwan Affairs Office Chen Yuanfeng, to exchange views on the path ahead for cross-strait relations.
The Carnegie–Tsinghua U.S.-China Corporate Council engages with leading policy analysts and senior business leaders of multinational corporations operating in China for candid discussions on consequential geopolitical issues.
Twenty-five years after the end of the Cold War, Russia is once again a strategic preoccupation of the United States and the world. Russia’s intervention in Syria and the unsettled conflict in Ukraine have had a chilling effect on relations between Russia and the West. The breakdown in trust and communication between Washington and Moscow will have lasting and unpredictable consequences.
Carnegie’s Russia and Eurasia Program and the Carnegie Moscow Center are positioned to provide an unparalleled perspective on the Kremlin’s behavior and the dramatic changes unfolding across the former Soviet Union. Carnegie.ru is a bilingual platform for analysis of the internal and global significance of key developments in Russia and its neighborhood. The rapid growth of Carnegie.ru’s audience during its first year has helped foster debate within Russia on critical issues at a time when civil society has been under growing pressure. Senior Fellow Alexander Baunov, an essayist and winner of the prestigious 2016 Liberal Mission Foundation Prize for Analysis, has been the driving force behind this new endeavor.
A joint endeavor of Carnegie and the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, the task force aims to increase understanding of Russia’s evolving foreign policy agenda, identify implications for regional order in Europe and Eurasia, and identify a more durable policy framework for the United States while sustaining and promoting transatlantic unity. Co-chaired by former U.S. deputy secretary of state Richard Armitage and Senator Chris Murphy (D-CT), the task force commissioned studies on arms control and nonproliferation, cyber threats, sanctions policy, and other topics, and conducted a fact-finding trip to the region in the fall of 2016.
In his new book, Should We Fear Russia?, Carnegie Moscow Center Director Dmitri Trenin explains that today’s rivalry between Russia and the United States should not be confused for a new Cold War. He argues that new thinking is critical to avoiding old traps. In “Russia and the Security of Europe,” Russia and Eurasia Program Director Eugene Rumer provides a detailed account of how Russia’s increasingly aggressive and unpredictable foreign policy will challenge Western policymakers to identify not just military but also innovative political solutions.
Senior Fellow Alexander Gabuev looked at Russia’s evolving role to the east in the Asia Pacific and its growing economic dependence on China. Rumer and Senior Fellows Richard Sokolsky and Paul Stronski offered a new framework for U.S. engagement in Central Asia and the Caucasus, while scholars inside Ukraine—led by Nonresident Scholar Balázs Jarábik and in partnership with colleagues in Brussels and Washington—provided regular reports on Ukraine’s judicial, economic, national security, and governance reforms.
Carnegie, the Center for a New American Security, and the U.S. Institute of Peace formed an independent, nonpartisan study group to assess the U.S. government’s approach to reducing state fragility. The group concluded that the next administration must exhibit discipline and imagination in choosing where and how to exert U.S. leadership and offered policy recommendations to translate a new policy framework into action.
Carnegie launched a multiyear project to monitor Ukraine’s progress across a complex domestic reform agenda. By joining forces with top civil society experts and practitioners inside Ukraine, this project is helping provide policymakers and stakeholders in Washington, Brussels, and other key Western capitals with objective, rigorous assessments of political, judicial, energy, security sector, and economic reforms.
Carnegie Moscow Center scholars publish exceptional research in both English and Russian, including Alexander Baunov’s recent paper examining Putin’s relationship with Russia’s nationalists and Dmitri Trenin’s latest book, Should We Fear Russia?
Senior Fellow Andrei Kolesnikov is the Carnegie Moscow Center’s top expert on Russian domestic politics and one of Russia’s most popular columnists. Using a series of focus groups organized by the Levada Center, Kolesnikov recently conducted an influential study on how external conflict and “virtual war” are essential to the legitimacy of President Putin’s leadership.
Europe’s geopolitical landscape is rapidly evolving with the deeply unsettling reality of Brexit from the northwest, terrorism and a massive migration from the south, and a resurgent Russia from the east. The world is witnessing the biggest threat to European order since World War II—a moment that calls for a fresh look at the political trajectory of Europe and its role in the world.
Carnegie Europe serves as a critical node connecting these disparate challenges and situating them within Europe’s changing internal political and economic dynamics. Working closely with NATO officials, for example, scholars have sought to identify ways for the organization to adapt to a new environment of growing Russian hostility and calls for a new European military force. In conjunction with colleagues in Kyiv and Washington, Carnegie Europe engaged with senior figures in the European foreign policy community on the findings of Carnegie’s Ukraine Reform Monitor, a regular report that provides objective, rigorous assessments of the Ukraine reform effort.
Middle East aftershocks continue to rattle Europe. The refugee crisis is further stretching the seams on the European project, fueling a rise in populism. Senior Fellow Pierre Vimont has focused on the challenge of people smuggling from African countries.
In his article “The Tempting Trap of Fortress Europe,” Visiting Scholar Stefan Lehne outlines how this crisis will likely reshape the European Union’s global strategy. Senior Fellow Richard Youngs shines a regular spotlight on Europe’s efforts to keep a focus on rights and democracy in European foreign policy; and Carnegie Europe’s blog, Strategic Europe, continues to drive debates in the European policy community with its fresh, sharp contributions on Europe’s major strategic challenges.
Carnegie Europe’s work on Turkey over many years has helped policymakers in Brussels and beyond understand and respond to the failed coup attempt in Turkey and its aftereffects. Visiting scholars Sinan Ülgen and former ambassador Marc Pierini outlined their views on the strategic consequences of the coup, Turkey’s relationship with major powers, the Syrian conflict, and the future of Turkey’s European ambitions. Ülgen also proposed a new threat-based strategy for NATO’s southern flank.
Senior Fellow Pierre Vimont served as the personal envoy of European Council President Donald Tusk to help tackle the causes of illegal migration and combat human smuggling and trafficking.
Prior to joining Carnegie, Vimont was the first executive secretary general of the European External Action Service and served as the French ambassador to the United States and the European Union.
Judy Dempsey is a nonresident senior fellow and editor in chief of Strategic Europe. She was previously a columnist for the International Herald Tribune and diplomatic correspondent for the Financial Times. She is the author of the book The Merkel Phenomenon. Dempsey has made the Strategic Europe blog a premier source of analysis on Europe and its relationship with the world. She has persuaded ministers, journalists, and academics from across Europe, as well as senior EU staff, to contribute to the blog.
Carnegie Europe was named Prospect magazine’s 2016 EU International Affairs Think Tank of the Year and was praised by the judges for its work on Ukraine, European defense spending, and the governance of cyberspace. The judges noted that Carnegie Europe’s global perspective gave it the edge over its peers in this year’s competition.
Five years after the Arab Awakening, the Middle East is still searching for a semblance of regional order. Stalled transitions, rising authoritarianism, stagnant economies, a mutating terrorist threat, and devastating conflicts continue to shackle the region from realizing its promise and the aspirations of its people.
With scholars from the Maghreb to the Gulf, Carnegie offers regional perspectives on every dimension of this period of tumult—from conflict and extremism to governance and security sector reform and energy to economics. Carnegie’s flagship Arab World Horizons project goes beyond the headlines to identify the core, interrelated challenges facing Arab countries and to help pinpoint pathways to resolve them. Mirroring the approach of the Arab Human Development Reports produced by the United Nations, the project builds on its diverse regional network to frame the challenge through human, political, and strategic lenses.
In February, the Horizons project released “Arab Voices on the Challenges of the New Middle East,” a survey of the detailed views of more than one hundred Arab experts from across the region, including distinguished scholars, civil society leaders, industry executives, and former senior government officials. While the self-proclaimed Islamic State and the region’s conflicts dominate the diplomatic agenda, the experts were nearly unanimous in their view that governance, accountability, and economic development were the more urgent priorities for the region.
Carnegie’s Middle East Program scholars are both informing and shaping today’s debates. Their work on Tunisia is a case in point. Rather than dictating any particular formula for reform, Carnegie scholars in Tunis, Washington, and Brussels worked with stakeholders from the Tunisian government, opposition, civil society, and private sector to outline a new approach to marshal and coordinate international support for Tunisia’s promising, if fragile, transition.
The paper “A New Framework for Partnership With Tunisia,” by Carnegie scholars Marwan Muasher, Marc Pierini, and Alexander Djerassi, outlines a compact that couples Tunisian-led policy and bureaucratic reforms with more coordinated and concrete international assistance. A follow-on project will continue to monitor and support the reforms.
The New Arab Wars, by Nonresident Senior Fellow Marc Lynch, illuminates how the hope-filled Arab uprising morphed into a dystopia of resurgent dictators, failed states, and civil wars. Lynch argues that the region’s upheavals have only just begun—and that the hopes of Arab regimes and Western policymakers to retreat to old habits of authoritarian stability are doomed to fail. He presented the book’s main findings in conversation with Middle East Program Director Michele Dunne at Carnegie’s Washington office. Marc Lynch won the prestigious Andrew Carnegie Fellowship from the Carnegie Corporation of New York in April 2016 for his significant work in social sciences and the humanities.
Amr Hamzawy is a senior fellow in the Middle East and Democracy and Rule of Law programs, having previously worked as the research director of the Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut. A well-known voice in Egypt, he is a former member of the Egyptian National Council for Human Rights who was elected in the first parliamentary elections following the January 25, 2011, revolution in Egypt.
He contributes a weekly op-ed to the Egyptian independent newspaper Al-Shorouk, and his research focuses on political movements and civil society in Egypt, contemporary debates in Arab political thought, and human rights and governance in the Arab world.
To share Carnegie’s research more widely and provide a space for real-time responses to emerging issues, the Carnegie Middle East Center launched a new bilingual blog, Diwan, in September 2016. In March 2016, the Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut held a two-day conference, “Seasons of Migration From the South: Refugees in a Changing World Order,” to highlight the long-term impact of the Syrian refugee crisis on both Arab countries and Europe. More than thirty speakers debated the political, security, economic, and social consequences on both states and societies of the most significant population movement seen since the end of World War II.
Jeffrey Goldberg is a visiting distinguished fellow and Carnegie’s first journalist in residence. As editor in chief of the Atlantic, Goldberg holds one of the most important jobs in American journalism today. Goldberg previously served as a national correspondent for the Atlantic and is a recipient of the National Magazine Award for Reporting. Prior to joining the Atlantic in 2007, he served as Middle East correspondent and Washington correspondent at the New Yorker. His April 2016 cover story, “The Obama Doctrine,” was the latest in a long list of acclaimed and influential pieces. Over multiple sessions with President Barack Obama and more than six hours of conversation, Goldberg constructed the most thorough and compelling account to date of President Obama’s vision for U.S. foreign policy and America’s role in the world.
Carnegie is deeply committed to investing in the next generation of scholars and practitioners in international affairs. In June, Carnegie received the largest non-foundation endowment gift in its history to support the Junior Fellows Program.
In Beirut, Vice Chairman of the Board of Trustees Mohamed A. El-Erian endowed a chair for a promising young scholar from the Arab world in honor of his late father. The Middle East Program’s online journal, Sada, has become a leading destination for young Arab thinkers and up-and-coming scholars of the region to publish their research. More than 500 people have written for Sada, which this year released an e-book collection of the best contributions.
In Beijing, the Young Ambassadors Program engages young leaders from China, the United States, and around the world to foster relationships and build understanding in research, international business, academia, and policy. Both the Chinese and U.S. governments recognized the program at the 2016 U.S.-China Consultation on People-to-People Exchange—the highest platform for official dialogue between the United States and China—for its many contributions cultivating the next generation of global leaders.
In Asia, Carnegie helps train promising nuclear policy scholars. Workshops and seminars in China, India, and Pakistan brought together future policymakers in uncommon groupings to examine their countries’ perspectives and concerns about nuclear stability.
In Brussels, in partnership with the Open Society European Policy Institute, Carnegie Europe developed Global Europe 2030, a program that convenes the most talented emerging foreign and security policy professionals in Europe to discuss the long-term challenges facing Europeans at home and abroad.
The James C. Gaither Junior Fellows Program, named in honor of a former chairman of Carnegie’s Board of Trustees, offers paid fellowships to uniquely qualified university graduates of any nationality put forward by 400 participating colleges across the United States. Each fellow serves for one year as a research assistant to a Carnegie scholar.
“I am very grateful to my friends and colleagues and to the Trustees whose generosity has endowed this program, which provides wonderful opportunities for future leaders in international affairs. There is no better way to learn than by doing—in this case, working alongside the very best scholars and thinkers in the field. I could not be more honored than to have my name associated with this program and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.”
— James C. Gaither
The program’s more than 200 alumni have scaled the heights of academia, business, and public service and include ABC News Chief Anchor George Stephanopoulos, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Samantha Power, Senior Adviser to President Barack Obama Brian Deese, Acting Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence Marcel Lettre, and former National Security Council senior director for Asian affairs Evan S. Medeiros. Part of the named gift allows alumni to connect online and in person at regular events and gatherings.
Carnegie is fortunate to count on the generosity of global citizens, foundations, and corporate leaders who share the institution’s commitment to building a more peaceful world. Andrew Carnegie’s founding gift of $10 million in 1910 continues to inspire donors today.
In 2016, Carnegie reached new highs in program funding, trustee giving, and new endowment gifts.
Carnegie’s Board of Trustees continues to lead by example, whether through its leadership on the James C. Gaither Junior Fellows Program, support for our global centers, or other named gifts. Trustees host events worldwide to share Carnegie’s unique expertise and global perspective. In the past year alone, trustees have hosted events in Brussels, New Delhi, Hong Kong, London, New York City, and San Francisco.
Carnegie continues to enjoy strong working relationships with a number of foundations, companies, and donor governments, whose support makes possible the kind of rigorous and independent research that has become our hallmark.
David Burke has a deep background in the venture capital and private equity sector. He is co-founder and CEO of Makena Capital Management, a global investment company serving endowments, foundations, family offices, and international financial institutions.
“I am honored to have joined Carnegie’s Board of Trustees,” Burke said. “Carnegie’s history as the oldest international affairs think tank in the United States—as well as its global reach through its five centers—makes this institution a unique and important voice in the field of international relations, which has been a lifelong interest of mine.”
Burke serves on the advisory boards of a number of private equity and venture capital firms. He is a trustee of the University of Virginia Law School Foundation and a member of the board of the University of Virginia Investment Management Company. Burke received a BS in finance, an MA in foreign affairs, and a JD from the University of Virginia.
Victoria Ransom is a pioneer entrepreneur in social marketing. She was the co-founder of Wildfire, a social marketing software company, which was acquired by Google in 2012. That year, she was appointed as the director of product at Google and named one of Fortune magazine’s Most Powerful Women Entrepreneurs as well as one of their 40 under 40.
“Carnegie’s work as a global entity reflects how interconnected the world has become,” Ransom said. “Given my work in the technology field, I have seen firsthand the importance of understanding this interconnectivity. I am proud to have joined the board of an organization that is at the forefront of so many critical global issues.”
Ransom was born in New Zealand and won a scholarship to attend an international high school in New Mexico. She received a BA in psychology from Macalester College and an MBA from Harvard University.
Zhang Yichen is one of the earliest and most prominent members of China’s investment community. He is the chairman and chief executive officer of CITIC Capital Holdings Limited, which he founded in 2002 and which invests in some of China’s leading companies. Before joining CITIC Group, Zhang worked on Wall Street for Greenwich Capital -Markets, the Bank of Tokyo, and Merrill Lynch.
“I admire the contribution Carnegie makes to fostering dialogue between China and the wider world,” Zhang said. “It is committed to investing in the next generation of thinkers and doers in international affairs.”
Zhang is a member of the Eleventh and Twelfth National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and a member of the Young Global Leaders of the World Economic Forum foundation board. He obtained a BS in computer science and engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Carnegie acknowledges the generous support of donors in fiscal year 2016. The following list reflects cash contributions received July 1, 2015, through June 30, 2016.
Carnegie Corporation of New York
Jen-Hsun Huang
Gordon E. & Betty J. Moore Trust
Catherine James Paglia/Robert & Ardis James Foundation
UK Department for International Development
The Asfari Foundation
C.K. Birla
Cisco Systems, Inc.
ClimateWorks Foundation
Defense Intelligence Agency
Ford Foundation
Gilead Sciences
Colleen and Robert D. Haas Fund
The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation
Patricia House
Embassy of Japan
Kingold Group Company Ltd.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
Open Society Foundations
Bernard L. Schwartz/The Bernard and Irene Schwartz Foundation
Aso O. Tavitian/Tavitian Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
Wang Chaoyong
Charles J. Zwick
David L. Anderson
G. Leonard Baker, Jr.
Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation
Bharti Airtel Limited
Robert Bosch Stiftung
Tench and Simone Otus Coxe
Emerald Gate Charitable Trust
Federal Foreign Office of Germany
The Hurford Foundation
Eric Li
The Henry Luce Foundation, Inc.
Scott and Laura Malkin
Charles Stewart Mott Foundation
Mulago Foundation
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands
Kenneth Olivier and Angela Nomellini
George W. and Pamela M. Siguler
Bernard L. Schwartz/The Bernard and Irene Schwartz Foundation
George W. and Pamela M. Siguler
Skoll Global Threats Fund
The Stanton Foundation
Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office
Tata Consultancy Services, Limited
Tata Sons, Limited
UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office
U.S. Department of State
William H. Younger, Jr.
Alcoa Foundation
Center for Global Partnership
Chevron
Mohamed A. El-Erian
Harvey V. Fineberg and Mary E. Wilson
General Electric
Good Ventures
HT Media
Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw
Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Open Society European Policy Institute
Prospect Hill Foundation
Mott Foundation
Prospect Hill Foundation
Rockefeller Brothers Fund
Shell
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Wythes Family Foundation
Amelia and Bayo Ogunlesi
Mort and Sheppie Abramowitz
Amway (China) Co., Ltd.
Jeffrey and Christina Bird
BP North America, Inc.
Robert and Mary Carswell
ConocoPhillips
Energy Foundation
ENI S.p.A.
Delegation of the European Union to the United States
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
Richard Giordano
John Hennessy
Hitachi, Ltd.
Leslie and George Hume
Majid Jafar
Japan External Trade Organization
Samer Khoury
The Korea Foundation
Linda Mason
Microsoft Corporation
New-Land Foundation
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Hutham Olayan
Sasakawa Peace Foundation
Statoil Russia
The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd.
Shirley M. Tilghman
Trehan Foundation
Rohan S. Weerasinghe
The James and Patricia White Fund
Asan Institute for Policy Studies
Paul Balaran
Patrice & Jerald Belofsky
Former U.S. Senator Bill Bradley
Bridgewater Associates, LP
John W. Buoymaster
William J. Burns
Conrad Cafritz
Caufield Family Foundation
Corning Incorporated
Gregory B. Craig
William H. Draper III and Phyllis C. Draper Fund
European Climate Foundation
European Union Institute for Security Studies
Faramarz Fardshisheh
Irwin Federman
Ford Motor Company
Charles W. Freeman, Jr.
French Ministry of Defense
Vartan Gregorian
The Hauser Foundation
Heinrich Boell Foundation
Jon M. Huntsman, Jr.
Republic of Ireland
James Family Charitable Trust
Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.
Lockheed Martin Corporation
Jonathan Lomartire and Deborah Stafford
Kent Loughery
Nancy R. Starr and Philip C. Marshall
Raymond J. McGuire
Brian Merlob
The Laura Ellen and Robert Muglia Family Foundation
Lynn and Fred Muto
New Venture Fund
Mission of Norway to the European Union
Lynn Poole
Ruth Porat
Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs
L. Rafael Reif
Jesse and Melinda Rogers
J. Stapleton Roy
The Vanessa Ruiz & David Birenbaum Family Fund
Semnani Family Foundation
Sonenshine Partners
Mary Speiser
Byron and Anita Wien
Carnegie staff as of December 1, 2016
President
Executive Vice President and Secretary
Chief of Staff
Executive Assistant to the President
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Executive Assistant
Vice President for Studies
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Senior Fellow
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Editorial Assistant
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Nonresident Research Analyst
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Senior Fellow
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Senior Fellow
Senior Program Administrator
Senior Editor
Vice President for Studies
Nonresident Scholar
Nonresident Scholar
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Fellow
Research Analyst
Nonresident Senior Fellow
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Senior Vice President for Studies
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Associate Fellow
Senior Fellow
Senior Fellow
Program Coordinator and Research Assistant
Senior Fellow
Senior Fellow
Senior Vice President for Studies
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Senior Fellow and Director
Associate Fellow
Program Assistant
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Vice President for Studies
Project Manager
Visiting Scholar
Nonresident Scholar
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Fellow
Senior Fellow and Director
Editor in Chief, Sada
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Senior Fellow
Nonresident Fellow
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Program Coordinator and Research Assistant
Editorial Coordinator, Sada
Senior Fellow
Senior Program Administrator
Senior Fellow
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Vice President for Studies
Co-Director and Senior Fellow
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Co-Director
Communications Coordinator
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Herbert Scoville Jr. Peace Fellow
Senior Fellow
Nonresident Research Analyst
Fellow
Stanton Nuclear Security Fellow
Nonresident Scholar
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Senior Fellow
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Program Assistant
Nonresident Senior Fellow
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Fellow
Nonresident Fellow
Fellow
Vice President for Studies
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Senior Fellow and Diplomat in Residence
Nonresident Scholar
Program Assistant
Senior Fellow and Director
Senior Fellow
Senior Fellow
Associate Director
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Vice President for Studies
James C. Gaither Junior Fellow
Nonresident Scholar
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Nonresident Scholar
Program Coordinator
Nonresident Scholar
Senior Fellow
Senior Fellow
Nonresident Scholar
Visiting Scholar
Visiting Scholar
Visiting Distinguished Fellow
Distinguished Fellow
Distinguished Fellow
Vice President for Communications and Strategy
Content Manager
Senior Media Relations Coordinator
Assistant Editor
Outreach Manager
Social Media and Communications Coordinator
Design Manager
Content Assistant
Graphic Designer
Web Manager/Developer
Database Manager
Digital Director
Deputy Director of Communications
Senior Editor
Director of Communications
Outreach Manager
Vice President for Development
Director of Development
Executive Assistant
Grants Manager
Development Associate
Development Coordinator
Development Associate
Prospect Research Manager
Chief Financial Officer
Staff Accountant
Accounting Manager
Controller
Accounting Assistant
Senior Accounting Manager
Senior Director
Office Manager
Human Resources Manager
Office Assistant
Human Resources Generalist
Receptionist and Office Assistant
Conference Center Manager
Conference Center Assistant
Conference Center Assistant
IT Director
Audio Visual Engineer
Help Desk Technician
Network Engineer
Systems Administrator
Library Director
Library Assistant
Senior Electronic Resources Coordinator
Director
Resident Scholar
Editorial and Web Coordinator
Media and Chinese Content Coordinator
Resident Scholar
Nonresident Scholar
Operations Coordinator
Development Coordinator
Senior Fellow
Government Relations and Partnership Coordinator
Resident Scholar
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Events Coordinator
Resident Scholar
Resident Scholar
Deputy Director
Research Assistant
President of the Carnegie–Tsinghua Management Board
Nonresident Scholar
Resident Scholar
Resident Scholar
Fellow
Communications Director
Director
Visiting Scholar
HR and Administrative Manager
Translations Coordinator
Nonresident Scholar
Program Assistant
Events Coordinator
Senior Translations and Editing Coordinator
Office Assistant
Web Coordinator
El-Erian Fellow
Communications Director
Nonresident Scholar
Visiting Scholar
Editorial Manager, Arabic Publications
Nonresident Scholar
Research Assistant
Senior Fellow
Development and Publications Manager
Senior Editor
Director (starting spring 2017)
Nonresident Fellow
Deputy Director
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Office Manager
Nonresident Senior Fellow and Editor in Chief, Strategic Europe
Events and Outreach Assistant
Program Manager
Development Associate
Visiting Scholar
Communications Director
Communications Coordinator
Communications Assistant
Visiting Scholar
Nonresident Senior Fellow
Events and Outreach Manager
Visiting Scholar
Senior Fellow
Deputy Editor
Senior Fellow
Director
Cook
Scholar in Residence and Chair, Nonproliferation Program
Publications Manager
Senior Fellow and Editor in Chief, Carnegie.ru
Web Coordinator
Accountant
Program Coordinator
Distinguished Military Fellow
Systems Administrator
Associate Director
Senior Fellow and Chair, Russia in the Asia-Pacific Program
Administrative Director
Senior Fellow and Chair, Russian Domestic Politics and Political Institutions Program
Office Manager
Research Assistant
Cleaner
Cleaner
Receptionist
Scholar in Residence and Chair, Religion, Society, and Security Program
Senior Fellow and Chair, Economics Program
Communications Coordinator
Deputy Editor, Carnegie.ru
Executive Assistant
Project Coordinator
Fellow
Communications Manager
Accountant
Receptionist
Director
Visiting Fellow
Research Analyst
Research Analyst
Office Manager
Research Assistant
Fellow
Managing Director
Fellow
Carnegie’s scholarship is aimed at reaching a global audience—the thinkers and doers who can help realize Andrew Carnegie’s vision of a more peaceful world. In support of this goal, our communications operation works with local and international media, and across both traditional and social media platforms.
