• Research

20 Years Without the Berlin Wall: A Breakthrough to Freedom

• July 05, 2011
• Moscow: Carnegie Moscow Center
• • Русский

Enormous societal and political shifts 20 years ago opened prospects for a new, united Europe. Despite Russia’s role in this peaceful departure from totalitarianism, the country’s course in the subsequent two decades was not so straightforward. While the demolition of the Berlin Wall is no guarantee of success, democratic transformations are a necessary precondition.