Eastern Europe

    • Commentary

    Measuring the Mafia-State Menace

    Given the volume, international scope, financial implications, and extraordinarily complex logistical requirements of today's illicit markets, it is illogical to assume that governments are not more deeply involved in these criminal activities than ever before.

    • Event

    Belarus: Stable Instability?

    One year ago, the Belarus policy community lost one of its brightest stars, Vitali Silitski, director of the Belarusian Institute for Strategic Studies (BISS). To honor his memory, Carnegie hosted a discussion of the current situation in Belarus.

    • Research

    The EU’s Plan B for Ukraine

    Relations between Ukraine and the EU have reached their lowest point yet. It could be time for the EU to come up with a new plan.

    • Commentary

    What's Behind the Bombings in Ukraine?

    On the eve of the 2012 European Football Championship in Poland and Ukraine, a series of bombings in the eastern Ukrainian city of Dnepropetrovsk have left dozens injured, but questions remain as to who is responsible for the attacks.

    • Commentary

    Mafia States

    An important obstacle to combating the spread of mafia states is a basic lack of awareness among ordinary citizens and policymakers about the extent of the phenomenon.

    • Research

    Advancing the Rule of Law Abroad: Next Generation Reform

    • Rachel Kleinfeld
    • April 18, 2012
    • Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2012

    A growing movement of second-generation reformers view the rule of law not as a collection of institutions and laws that can be built by outsiders, but as a relationship between the state and society that must be shaped by those inside the country.

    • Research

    Back to Basics: French-Ukrainian Relations after the Election

    As most of Europe waits with bated breath for the outcome of the French presidential election, Ukrainians are entirely ignoring it.

    • Commentary

    Ukraine’s Potential

    Despite a highly educated and skilled workforce and natural resources, Ukraine continues to struggle with sustained economic growth.

    • Commentary

    'Frozen' Transnistria Conflict Begins to Thaw

    The latest apparent thaw on all sides of the protracted Transnistria conflict is a hopeful sign, but the resolution process will continue to be gradual and deliberate.

    • Commentary

    Reform in Ukraine

    • Irina Akimova
    • April 16, 2012

    Implementing sensitive reforms in the run-up to Ukraine's parliamentary elections in October will be politically difficult.

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