• Research
  • Diwan
  • About
  • Experts
Carnegie Middle East logoCarnegie lettermark logo
LebanonIran
{
  "authors": [
    "James M. Acton"
  ],
  "type": "legacyinthemedia",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "dc",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace"
  ],
  "collections": [],
  "englishNewsletterAll": "ctw",
  "nonEnglishNewsletterAll": "",
  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
  "programAffiliation": "NPP",
  "programs": [
    "Nuclear Policy"
  ],
  "projects": [],
  "regions": [
    "East Asia",
    "Japan"
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Nuclear Policy",
    "Nuclear Energy"
  ]
}

Source: Getty

In The Media

Japanese Containment Vessel at Nuclear Reactor 2 May Be Breached

The damage done to Japan’s nuclear reactors by the earthquake and subsequent tsunami should prompt the nuclear industry to reevaluate the magnitude of natural disasters that the reactors should be designed to survive.

Link Copied
By James M. Acton
Published on Mar 15, 2011

Source: MSNBC

When Japan experienced an earthquake of magnitude 8.9 on March 11, its nuclear reactors at the Daiichi plant in Fukushima automatically shut down, as it was designed to. However, the earthquake and subsequent tsunami were more devastating than the reactors were built to withstand. Water pumps designed to cool the fuel rods in the reactor cores were supposed to be supplied with external power lines, with a back-up of diesel generators. Both of these mechanisms were wiped out by the earthquake and tsunami. Speaking on MSNBC’s Andrea Mitchell Reports, Carnegie’s James Acton explained that reactor cores as well as spent fuel rods, which are stored in water pools adjacent to the reactors, remained hot. The water in those pools must be replaced and recirculated so that it does not overheat, exposing the spent fuel and thereby releasing radiation, Acton said. He emphasizes that reactors can weather disasters that they are designed to survive. Accordingly, this crisis should prompt a reevaluation of the magnitude of earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, and other hazards reactors could face.
 

About the Author

James M. Acton

Jessica T. Mathews Chair, Co-director, Nuclear Policy Program

Acton holds the Jessica T. Mathews Chair and is co-director of the Nuclear Policy Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

    Recent Work

  • Other
    Unpacking Trump’s National Security Strategy
      • Cecily Brewer
      • +18

      James M. Acton, Saskia Brechenmacher, Cecily Brewer, …

  • Commentary
    Trump Has an Out on Nuclear Testing. He Should Take It.

      James M. Acton

James M. Acton
Jessica T. Mathews Chair, Co-director, Nuclear Policy Program
James M. Acton
Nuclear PolicyNuclear EnergyEast AsiaJapan

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

More Work from Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center

  • Commentary
    China’s Evolving Economic and Security Role in the Middle East

    The advantage that China has over other global powers, especially America, is that its foreign policy is closely aligned with those of many of the Middle Eastern countries.

      Jin Liangxiang, Maha Yahya, Hesham Alghannam

  • Article
    The Geopolitics of Economic Development in the Middle East

    To create an environment more conducive to cooperation and development, U.S. and Chinese efforts should seek the endorsement of neighboring countries and regional organizations. Otherwise, regional and geopolitical rivalries will remain barriers.

      Abdullah Baabood

  • Commentary
    The Gaza War and the Rest of the World

    Scholars from Carnegie’s global network comment on how the ongoing conflict between Israelis and Palestinians is affecting their areas of interest, and what the implications of this may be.

      • +11

      Maha Yahya, Rosa Balfour, Judy Dempsey, …

  • Commentary
    Diwan
    China’s Middle Eastern Moment

    In an interview, Abdullah Baabood discusses Beijing’s evolving role in the Gulf region, where its priority is stability.

      Michael Young

  • Article
    Why China Is Emerging as a Main Promoter of Stability in the Strait of Hormuz

    Because of its reliance on the Gulf region for much of its oil and gas, China has a strong interest in preserving security in the region, an early example of which was its mediation of the recent Saudi Arabia-Iran reconciliation.

      Abdullah Baabood

Get more news and analysis from
Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center
Carnegie Middle East logo, white
  • Research
  • Diwan
  • About
  • Experts
  • Projects
  • Events
  • Contact
  • Careers
  • Privacy
  • For Media
Get more news and analysis from
Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center
© 2026 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. All rights reserved.