This person is no longer with the Carnegie Endowment.
Sandra Polaski has been sworn in as deputy undersecretary for international affairs at the U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB). From 2002 to 2009 she was senior associate and director of the Trade, Equity, and Development Program at the Carnegie Endowment.
Previously, from 1999 to 2002, Polaski served as the U.S. secretary of state’s special representative for international labor affairs, the senior State Department official dealing with such matters. In that role she integrated labor and employment issues into U.S. trade and foreign policy and served as the lead adviser on labor provisions in the U.S.-Jordan Free Trade Agreement and the U.S.-Cambodia Textile Agreement, considered models for future agreements. Previously she served as director of research at the secretariat of the North American Commission for Labor Cooperation, a NAFTA-related intergovernmental organization.
Polaski holds degrees from the University of Wisconsin and Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS).
Selected Publications: India's Trade Policy Choices (Carnegie Report, January 2008); U.S. Living Standards in an Era of Globalization (Carnegie Policy Brief, July 2007); China's Economic Prospects 2006-2020 (Carnegie Paper, April 2007)
The Brazilian economy would receive a small boost from either a Doha Round trade agreement at the WTO or a major trade pact with other developing countries, including China.
Developing countries should be allowed to employ trade measures to ensure food security, declared Olivier de Schutter, United Nations Special Rapporteur on the right to food.
Despite holding a leading position in world trade negotiations, Brazil will benefit little from increased trade. Policy makers face acute challenges as the country struggles to generate sufficient employment and improve labor incomes.
As the financial crisis deepens, resisting protectionist pressures is imperative, not just for long-term economic health, but for near-term recovery.
As globalization spread dramatically over the last twenty years, migration expanded less rapidly than either trade or foreign investment. Still, migration remains contentious even as some economists praise it as the fastest route to raising world incomes. The promise of migration, however, is more limited and nuanced.
Recent financial and food price crises have forced policy-makers to question conventional thinking on how agricultural markets work, why they sometimes fail, and what role governments should play when they do. To answer some of those questions, the Carnegie Endowment and the Heinrich Boll Foundation co-hosted a panel of experts to discuss sustainable agriculture policies.
Despite the collapse of the Doha trade talks this week, the global food crisis is creating the basis for longer term progress on a new agricultural trade regime. Key differences over agriculture as well as manufacturing and services trade seemingly stymied a final deal, but progress on farm talks bodes well for an eventual pact that better reflects the needs of developing countries and the poor.
The authors of a new policy report from the Working Group on Development and the Environment discussed the impacts of agricultural trade liberalization on sustainable development in Latin America.
On June 24, 2008, the Carnegie Endowment hosted a discussion on EU and U.S free trade agreements (FTAs) in the Middle East with Riad al Khouri, a visiting scholar at the Carnegie Middle East Center. While Europe has historically been active in negotiating FTAs in the Middle East, U.S. FTAs in the region have primarily been motivated by strategic concerns rather than economic impacts.
Pakistan has experienced uneven performance in achieving human development goals. These poor results are due to a lack of investment: the country spends only about 2.5% of GDP on health and education, whereas most countries that have grown on a sustained basis have spent at least 7%.
