Multi-Alignment as Strategy: How Brazil Navigates Between Washington, Beijing, and the Global South

Research

Multi-Alignment as Strategy: How Brazil Navigates Between Washington, Beijing, and the Global South

Brazil’s self-image as a “giant by nature” drives its ambitions and a foreign policy rooted in multi‑alignment.

By Oliver Stuenkel

Published on Nov 20, 2025

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About the Author

Oliver Stuenkel

Senior Fellow, Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program

Oliver Stuenkel is an associate professor at the School of International Relations at Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) in São Paulo, Brazil. He is also a senior fellow affiliated with the Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

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Carnegie India does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

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