Drawing on lessons from climate change, nuclear safety, and global health governance, this analysis examines whether and how applying the framework of a “public good” could help us better understand and address the challenges posed by advanced AI systems.
Kayla Blomquist
Oxford China Policy Lab, Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative
Elisabeth Siegel
Oxford China Policy Lab, Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative
Ben Harack
Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative
Kwan Yee Ng
Kwan Yee Ng is a Senior Program Manager at Concordia AI, a Beijing-based social enterprise focused on AI safety and governance. She was also one of the writers for the International Scientific Report on Advanced AI Safety.
Tom David
General-Purpose AI Policy Lab
Brian Tse
Concordia AI
Charles Martinet
Charles Martinet is a Research Affiliate at the Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative and a Summer Fellow at the Centre for the Governance of AI. His work aims to deliver research-based and operational policy advice for the international and European governance of advanced AI.
Senior Fellow, Asia Program, and Co-Director, China AI Initiative
Matt Sheehan is a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, where his research focuses on global technology issues, with a specialization in China’s artificial intelligence ecosystem. He is also co-director for the China AI Initiative.
Fellow, Technology and International Affairs, and Co-Director, China AI Initiative
Scott Singer is a fellow and co-director of the China AI Initiative at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, where his work explores the geopolitics, governance, and safety of advanced AI systems. He specializes in China’s AI ecosystem and the implications of Chinese AI development and policymaking for U.S.-China relations and international security.
Imane Bello
Future of Life Institute
Zakariyau Yusuf
Tech Governance Project
Robert F. Trager
Robert F. Trager is Co-Director of the Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative, International Governance Lead at the Centre for the Governance of AI, and Senior Research Fellow at the Blavatnik School of Government at the University of Oxford. He is a recognized expert in the international governance of emerging technologies and regularly advises government and industry leaders on these topics.
Fadi Salem
Policy Research Department, Mohammed bin Rashid School of Government
Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh
Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh is Director of the AI: Futures and Responsibility Programme at the University of Cambridge. His work focuses on foresight, risk and governance relating to advanced AI systems.
Jing Zhao
School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University
Kai Jia
School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.
The hybrid warfare landscape is evolving rapidly, leaving policymakers without clear strategies. To better inform their work in addressing emerging challenges, governments must dig deeper into the underlying dynamics at play.
Raluca Csernatoni, Alicia Wanless
Autonomous AI agents are increasingly prevalent in cyberspace. The EU needs a real-time monitoring strategy, to invest in AI defenses, and to reduce its strategic dependence on U.S. frontier models.
Raluca Csernatoni, Patryk Pawlak
Defense tech innovations will be at the heart of Europe’s new security strategy. But so far, Brussels has been making moves without a broader plan, undermining readiness and credibility.
Raluca Csernatoni
In Ukraine, Gaza, and Iran, AI warfare has come to dominate, with barely any oversight or accountability. Europe must lead the charge on the responsible use of new military technologies.
Raluca Csernatoni
For years, the United States anchored global cyber diplomacy. As Washington rethinks its leadership role, the launch of the UN’s Cyber Global Mechanism may test how allies adjust their engagement.
Patryk Pawlak, Chris Painter
