• Research
  • About
  • Experts
Carnegie India logoCarnegie lettermark logo
AI
{
  "authors": [
    "Yezid Sayigh"
  ],
  "type": "other",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "dc",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
    "Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center"
  ],
  "collections": [
    "Arab Awakening"
  ],
  "englishNewsletterAll": "menaTransitions",
  "nonEnglishNewsletterAll": "",
  "primaryCenter": "Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center",
  "programAffiliation": "MEP",
  "programs": [
    "Middle East"
  ],
  "projects": [],
  "regions": [
    "Levant",
    "Syria",
    "Middle East"
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Political Reform",
    "Security"
  ]
}

Source: Getty

Other
Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center

Syria’s Age of Revolution: Peaceful Protest to Armed Struggle

The nature of the Syrian revolution is particularly complex. A deeper social reading on Syria is required to further understand the violence in Syria and the importance of its timing during the Arab uprisings.

Link Copied
By Yezid Sayigh
Published on Jan 13, 2014

Source: London School of Economics and Political Science

“The nature of what’s going on in Syria—the Syrian revolution—is so particularly complex,” said Carnegie’s Yezid Sayigh during a public lecture at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Sayigh reflected upon the notion of “revolution” as a framework to “understand the nature and the strengths and weaknesses of the protagonists – both the regime and its various foes.” 

Noting parallels with other historical experiences, such as the beginning of Palestinian activism, Sayigh explained the importance of social dynamics in Syria: “the sort of discourse we get and the sort of reporting we get on which a lot of policy is built is about good and bad…tyrannical regime versus democratic opposition, moderates versus radical Islamists.” Sayigh noted that it’s not necessarily wrong, but that “this kind of reporting, it doesn’t really tell us what is going on in Syria and certainly not enough to understand where things are going, and why they’ve gone where they are, and why we keep seeming to be surprised about where things have gone.”  

Sayigh emphasized the importance of a social reading on Syria, explaining that “had there not been an Arab Spring...the Syrian revolution—the uprising—probably wouldn’t have started just in that time, in that way.” Additionally, by looking at violence of the armed struggle, including “who wields violence, how it’s wielded, what for, with what discourse, that, I think, tells us more about the nature of the Syrian revolution.”

This conference was recorded and hosted by the London School of Economics and Political Science.

About the Author

Yezid Sayigh

Senior Fellow, Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center

Yezid Sayigh is a senior fellow at the Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut, where he leads the program on Civil-Military Relations in Arab States (CMRAS). His work focuses on the comparative political and economic roles of Arab armed forces, the impact of war on states and societies, the politics of postconflict reconstruction and security sector transformation in Arab transitions, and authoritarian resurgence.

    Recent Work

  • Commentary
    What Is Israel’s Plan in Lebanon?

      Yezid Sayigh

  • Commentary
    All or Nothing in Gaza

      Yezid Sayigh

Yezid Sayigh
Senior Fellow, Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center
Yezid Sayigh
Political ReformSecurityLevantSyriaMiddle East

Carnegie India does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

More Work from Carnegie India

  • Article
    India’s Oil Security Strategy: Structural Vulnerabilities and Strategic Choices

    This piece argues that the present Indian strategy, based on opportunistic diversification and utilization of limited strategic reserves, remains inadequate when confronting supply disruptions. It evaluates India’s options in the short, medium, and long terms.

      Vrinda Sahai

  • Commentary
    The Impact of U.S. Sanctions and Tariffs on India’s Russian Oil Imports

    This piece examines India’s response to U.S. sanctions and tariffs, specifically assessing the immediate market consequences, such as alterations in import costs, and the broader strategic implications for India’s energy security and foreign policy orientation.

      Vrinda Sahai

  • Article
    Military Lessons from Operation Sindoor

    The India-Pakistan conflict that played out between May 6 and May 10, 2025, offers several military lessons. This article presents key takeaways from Operation Sindoor and breaks down how India’s preparations shaped the outcome and what more is needed to strengthen future readiness.

      Dinakar Peri

  • Book
    India and the Sovereignty Principle: The Disaggregation Imperative

    This book offers a comprehensive analysis of India's evolving relationship with sovereignty in a complex global order. Moving beyond conventional narratives, it examines how the sovereignty principle shapes India's behavior across four critical domains—from traditional military power to contemporary data governance.

      Rudra Chaudhuri, Nabarun Roy

  • Article
    Hidden Tides: IUU Fishing and Regional Security Dynamics for India

    This article examines the scale and impact of Chinese IUU fishing operations globally and identifies the nature of the challenge posed by IUU fishing in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). It also investigates why existing maritime law and international frameworks have struggled to address this growing threat.

      Ajay Kumar, Charukeshi Bhatt

Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie India
Carnegie India logo, white
Unit C-4, 5, 6, EdenparkShaheed Jeet Singh MargNew Delhi – 110016, IndiaPhone: 011-40078687
  • Research
  • About
  • Experts
  • Projects
  • Events
  • Contact
  • Careers
  • Privacy
  • For Media
Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie India
© 2026 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. All rights reserved.