• Research
  • Politika
  • About
Carnegie Russia Eurasia center logoCarnegie lettermark logo
  • Donate
{
  "authors": [
    "Thomas de Waal"
  ],
  "type": "legacyinthemedia",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "dc",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
    "Carnegie Europe"
  ],
  "collections": [],
  "englishNewsletterAll": "ctw",
  "nonEnglishNewsletterAll": "",
  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie Europe",
  "programAffiliation": "russia",
  "programs": [
    "Russia and Eurasia"
  ],
  "projects": [],
  "regions": [
    "Caucasus",
    "Azerbaijan",
    "Armenia"
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Political Reform",
    "Security"
  ]
}

Source: Getty

In The Media
Carnegie Europe

Tensions Between Armenia and Azerbaijan

The situation in the South Caucasus continues to be perilous as leaders of both Armenia and Azerbaijan find themselves increasingly boxed in by domestic political constraints.

Link Copied
By Thomas de Waal
Published on Feb 27, 2013

Source: Voice of America

Speaking on Voice of America Armenian Service, Carnegie's Thomas de Waal explained that February has brought added tension to the South Caucasus as both Armenia and Azerbaijan continue to politicize the anniversaries of the Sumgait 1988 pogrom and the Khojali 1992 massacre, respectively. The two states have increasingly less room to maneuver as domestic political developments have constrained the leadership in Baku and Yerevan.

In Azerbaijan, he explained, an economic slowdown after years of strong growth has left the government feeling increasingly insecure even before a series of protests unfolded in January. In Armenia, although the hotly contested presidential election between Serzh Sargsyan and Raffi Hovannisian has been deemed satisfactory by most observers, president Sargsyan will have to deal with many potentially destabilizing domestic political trends.

De Waal argued that if a planned direct air connection between Yerevan and Nagorny Karabakh goes ahead, it is likely to provoke an Azerbaijani response, with unpredictable consequences. Moreover, he added, the opposition presidential candidate, Raffi Hovannisian, continues to champion the idea of recognition of Nagorny Karabakh by Yerevan which, if it went ahead, would probably spell the end of the Minsk Peace Process. 

Within this increasingly unpropitious climate, de Waal concluded, Akram Aylisli's novel which portrays Armenians in a sympathetic light, Stone Dreams, has unfortunately been the catalyst for recrimination in Azerbaijan rather than enhanced dialogue. 

The interview was originally broadcast on Voice of America Armenian Service.

About the Author

Thomas de Waal

Senior Fellow, Carnegie Europe

De Waal is a senior fellow at Carnegie Europe, specializing in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus.

    Recent Work

  • Article
    Rewiring the South Caucasus: TRIPP and the New Geopolitics of Connectivity
      • Areg Kochinyan

      Thomas de Waal, Areg Kochinyan, Zaur Shiriyev

  • Commentary
    Europolis, Where Europe Ends

      Thomas de Waal

Thomas de Waal
Senior Fellow, Carnegie Europe
Thomas de Waal
Political ReformSecurityCaucasusAzerbaijanArmenia

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

More Work from Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    The Afghanistan–Pakistan War Poses Awkward Questions for Russia

    Not only does the fighting jeopardize regional security, it undermines Russian attempts to promote alternatives to the Western-dominated world order.

      Ruslan Suleymanov

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    After Ilia II: What Will a New Patriarch Mean for Georgia?

    The front-runner to succeed Ilia II, Metropolitan Shio, is prone to harsh anti-Western rhetoric and frequent criticism of “liberal ideologies” that he claims threaten the Georgian state. This raises fears that under his leadership the Georgian Orthodox Church will lose its unifying role and become an instrument of ultraconservative ideology.

      Bashir Kitachaev

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    Tokayev’s New Constitution Is a Bet on Stability—At Freedom’s Expense

    Kazakhstan’s new constitution is an embodiment of the ruling elite’s fears and a self-serving attempt to preserve the status quo while they still can.

      Serik Beysembaev

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    Why Has Kazakhstan Started Deporting Political Activists?

    The current U.S. indifference to human rights means Astana no longer has any incentive to refuse extradition requests from its authoritarian neighbors—including Russia.

      Temur Umarov

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    Why Are China and Russia Not Rushing to Help Iran?

    Most of Moscow’s military resources are tied up in Ukraine, while Beijing’s foreign policy prioritizes economic ties and avoids direct conflict.   

      • Alexander Gabuev

      Alexander Gabuev, Temur Umarov

Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center
Carnegie Russia Eurasia logo, white
  • Research
  • Politika
  • About
  • Experts
  • Events
  • Contact
  • Privacy
  • For Media
Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center
© 2026 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. All rights reserved.