It’s that time of the year! Dip into the second batch of summer recommendations from Carnegie Europe’s scholars, friends, and colleagues. We hope you discover some real gems.

It’s that time of the year! Dip into the first batch of summer recommendations from Carnegie Europe’s scholars, friends, and colleagues. We hope you discover some real gems.

Pouring money into Kais Saied’s increasingly repressive regime will not solve Tunisia’s migration problem. Rather, it could lead to instability and a further exodus of people to Europe.

The EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism has sparked a debate about its negative spillover effects, particularly for developing and least developed countries. Reforming CBAM should be a priority for the EU not only for climate justice but also for geopolitical considerations.

Leaders agreed that the Summit for Democracy process will continue to improve coordination among democracies. If the EU is to prove its credibility and effectiveness, concrete actions are needed in the months ahead.

While international donors are right to focus on supporting civil society in acute crises, their approach has serious limitations. For more effective crisis mitigation, engagement with civic actors must be part of a broader political strategy driven by local dynamics and priorities.