Sarah Yerkes, Natalie Triche
Geopolitics and Governance in North Africa: Local Challenges, Global Implications
North Africa, sometimes considered a backwater within a broader Middle East context, is actually the leading edge of change for the region and deserving of far more attention from the international community.
Source: Edinburgh University Press
North Africa was once on the geopolitical periphery of Middle East dynamics, but it has increasingly come to shape regional trends. In addition to internal political and economic transformations that were accelerated by the protests of 2011 and that have upended or reshaped the lives of millions of the region’s inhabitants, the region is also contending with a range of external challenges. These include the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated economic transformation, changing market dynamics including energy markets, the growing presence of new regional actors like Russia and China, and the changing role of traditional allies such as the European Union, Gulf Cooperation Council countries, and the United States. These dynamics are compounded by other natural and man-made climate changes and demographic changes that worsen them.
This volume shows why North Africa, sometimes considered a backwater within a broader Middle East context, actually is the leading edge of change for the region and deserving of far more attention from the international community. North African countries are facing a dizzying array of challenges related to domestic and global trends—political transformation either recent or underway, economic stagnation now worsened by the pandemic, social challenges associated with a frustrated young population—are giving the region more geopolitical relevance with implications for the broader Middle East, Europe, and sub-Saharan Africa.
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Chaper 1: From the Shores of Tripoli: The Global Implications of Libya’s Post-2011 Governance Travails
Frederic Wehrey and Jacqueline Stomski - Chapter 2: Egypt’s Waxing Challenges and Waning Power
Michele Dunne - Chapter 3: Moroccan Politics: Defensive at Home, Assertive Abroad
Mohamed Daadaoui - Chapter 4: Tunisia’s Unfinished Revolution: Addressing Regional Inequality
Sarah E. Yerkes - Chapter 5: Mauritania: The Multi-dimensionality of its Enduring Challenges
Fatima Hadji - Chapter 6: Plus ça Change, plus c’est la Même Chose: The Herculean Task of Civilianizing the Algeria State
Anouar Boukhars - Chapter 7: Gender Imbalances across North Africa
Sarah E. Yerkes - Chapter 8: North Africa in the World
Sarah E. Yerkes and Maha Sohail AlHomoud
Advance Praise
“Yerkes and her contributors present a sobering assessment of the challenges confronting governments and societies in an understudied but vital region. Through sharp, insightful country studies, the authors highlight troubling economic, social and climate conditions that governments have shown little capacity to manage, even while persistent geopolitical fissures strain weak institutions. This book makes a compelling case for greater engagement with North Africa and underscores the risks of further neglect.”
—Steven Heydemann, Smith College
About the Author
Senior Fellow, Middle East Program
Sarah Yerkes is a senior fellow in Carnegie’s Middle East Program, where her research focuses on Tunisia’s political, economic, and security developments as well as state-society relations in the Middle East and North Africa.
- Senegal: An Island of ResilienceOther
- Amid Iran War, Gulf Countries Slow the Pace of ReformsArticle
Sarah Yerkes, Amr Hamzawy
Recent Work
Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.
More Work from Carnegie Europe
- Trump Turns NATO into a Tool of CoercionCommentary
The full list of humiliations Europe has endured since Donald Trump returned to the White House makes for grim reading. But Washington’s adversarial approach to its allies undermines its own power base.
Rym Momtaz
- How the EU Can Become Energy IndependentCommentary
The closure of the Strait of Hormuz has triggered a global energy crisis, but Europe is stuck in reaction mode. Without more strategic foresight, the EU will remain dependent on fossil fuels and will never be truly secure.
Milo McBride, Pauline Gerard
- Deciphering Europe’s Relationship with TurkeyCommentary
Debate is heating up on how Turkey could be integrated into a common European defense framework. Commercial and industrial deals offer a better chance at alignment than sweeping political efforts.
Marc Pierini
- Taking the Pulse: Is it Worth it for Europeans to Placate Trump?Commentary
After spending much of 2025 trying to placate Donald Trump, some European leaders are starting to change posture. But is even a hostile Washington still so important to Europe that the U.S. president’s outbursts are worth putting up with?
Rym Momtaz, ed.
- Europeans Are Quiet Quitting the United StatesCommentary
European leaders have now not only lost faith in Donald Trump’s U.S. presidency, but also in America’s hegemony as a whole. But short-term challenges make an immediate divorce unwise.
Rym Momtaz