Firming up European nuclear and conventional deterrence, in particular vis-à-vis Russia, calls for better coordination between Berlin, London and Paris, and deeper and more systematic consultation with other capitals.
Nonresident Scholar, Nuclear Policy Program
Ulrich Kühn is a nonresident scholar at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and the head of the arms control and emerging technologies program at the Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg.
Héloïse Fayet
Andrew Futter
Lukasz Kulesa
Director, Proliferation and Nuclear Policy, Royal United Services Institute
Łukasz Kulesa is the deputy head of research at the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM).
Paul van Hooft
Kristin Ven Bruusgaard
Kristin Ven Bruusgaard is a postdoctoral fellow in the Political Science Department at the University of Oslo.
Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.
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The EU is structurally incapable of reacting to today’s foreign policy crises. The union must fold the EEAS into the European Commission and create a security council better prepared to take action on the global stage.
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The war in Ukraine is costing Russia its leverage overseas. Across the South Caucasus and Middle East, this presents an opportunity for Europe to pick up the pieces and claim its own sphere of influence.
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The war in Iran proves the United States is now a destabilizing actor for Europe and the Arab Gulf. From protect their economies and energy supplies to safeguarding their territorial integrity, both regions have much to gain from forming a new kind of partnership together.
Rym Momtaz
