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Podcast Episode

The New Geopolitics of Subsea Cables

Subsea cables power the internet—but remain a blind spot in global policy. Jane Munga and Sophia Besch join Isaac Kardon to explore their geopolitical, economic, and security implications.

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By Isaac B. Kardon, Sophia Besch, Jane Munga
Published on Jul 10, 2025

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Subsea cables carry 95% of the world’s data—but remain largely invisible in global policy debates. In this episode, Isaac Kardon is joined by Carnegie experts Jane Munga and Sophia Besch to unpack the geopolitics, economics, and security risks surrounding undersea data infrastructure. From Africa’s digital development to Europe’s hybrid warfare concerns, they explore who owns these cables, why they matter, and how governments can respond to emerging infrastructure threats.

Notes:

  1. Sophia Besch and Erik Brown, "Securing Europe's Subsea Data Cables," Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, December 16, 2024.
  2. Jane Munga, "Beneath the Waves: Addressing Vulnerabilities in Africa’s Undersea Digital Infrastructure," Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, April 3, 2025.

Hosted by

Isaac B. Kardon
Senior Fellow, Asia Program
Isaac B. Kardon

Featuring

Sophia Besch
Senior Fellow, Europe Program
Sophia Besch
Jane Munga
Fellow, Africa Program
Jane Munga

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

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