Nothing undermines solidarity in the EU as much as the deep crisis of mutual trust. Whether it is a matter of the fair distribution of asylum seekers, debt relief for Greece, a stronger common foreign and defense policy, or the necessary steps to make monetary union sustainable, in the absence of confidence, none of these objectives can be reached.

Nothing undermines EU solidarity as much as the crisis of mutual trust.

 

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Without trust, governments revert to national solutions, even at the risk of losing key achievements of European integration such as the passport-free Schengen zone or even the common currency. Just as functionalism posits (positive) spillover effects for the way integration spreads from one area to the next, so there is also negative spillover when mistrust arising from one area of cooperation infects other areas, throwing the entire process into reverse.

How did Europe get into this mess? There are many causes, including a lack of leadership and honesty in public communication, overreliance on technocratic fixes, the surrender of the political space to populist demagogues, and insufficient efforts to overcome the deep divisions created by the financial crisis.

There is no silver bullet to restore the EU’s lack of trust. But if this most pernicious of all deficits is not tackled energetically, the process of unraveling will surely continue.

Yes, indeed.

Social solidarity, at least, is still intact. Oxfam is a veteran NGO and one of the best at fighting poverty all over the world. Humanitarian organizations, religious charities, and local volunteers across the continent strive to nurture the poor, welcome immigrants, and comfort the elderly.

Political solidarity is another matter. Germany will not help Greece in a show of solidarity. After World War II, the United States did not help Germany, Japan, and Italy—former foes—out of solidarity. Washington decided to foster a new world order to face Russia, and it worked.

Don't blame a lack of #solidarity for Europe's disorder.

 

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So in Europe, nobody will act out of solidarity, and that is quite OK. Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras and Finance Minister Yanis Varoufakis aren’t losing their hands because Ebenezer Scrooge Europe is short-changing them. The Greek tragedy unfolds along two plotlines. European leaders lack the political genius to muster a plan to keep Athens in the eurozone; at the same time, they continue to push for reforms amid the economic turmoil that the country’s elites managed to concoct. Tsipras cozied up to a loony Stalinist crowd and, goose-stepping alongside the neo-Nazi Golden Dawn party, managed to create quite a mess.

So don’t blame a lack of solidarity for Europe’s disorder. Blame mediocrity from the EU, and blame populism and a lack of realism from Athens.

The past few months have not provided a showcase of European solidarity—with the two notable exceptions of continued sanctions on Russia for the country’s interference in eastern Ukraine, on the one hand, and the EU’s united stance against Greece, on the other. Yet this should be a time when Europeans realize more than ever the importance of the European project. The EU finds itself surrounded by instability on a scale that even the largest member states cannot manage alone.

#Europe must make a leap in the federal direction.

 

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The continent faces a stark choice between consolidation and fragmentation. In the past, crises were the catalyst for increased unification, and this is very much the case today. Europe must reverse the trend toward devolution back to its nations and make a leap in the federal direction.

For all its shortcomings, the European Commission has the common European interest as its focus and is best positioned to respond to the series of challenges Europe is facing. The EU’s executive must concentrate on consolidating the union’s core and on ensuring solidarity in dealing with migration from the south. The member states, through the Council of Ministers, must allow the commission to do so and must reverse the current trend away from the Community method, which emphasizes the role of supranational decisionmaking.

If this means letting Greece quit the eurozone and the UK leave the EU, then the price will have to be paid. But now is the time for Europeans to become truly European.