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Examining AI Safety as a Global Public Good: Implications, Challenges, and Research Priorities
Research

Examining AI Safety as a Global Public Good: Implications, Challenges, and Research Priorities

Drawing on lessons from climate change, nuclear safety, and global health governance, this analysis examines whether and how applying the framework of a “public good” could help us better understand and address the challenges posed by advanced AI systems. 

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By Kayla Blomquist, Elisabeth Siegel, Ben Harack, Kwan Yee Ng, Tom David, Brian Tse, Charles Martinet, Matt Sheehan, Scott Singer, Imane Bello, Zakariyau Yusuf, Robert F. Trager, Fadi Salem, Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh, Jing Zhao, Kai Jia
Published on Mar 11, 2025
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Technology and International Affairs

The Technology and International Affairs Program develops insights to address the governance challenges and large-scale risks of new technologies. Our experts identify actionable best practices and incentives for industry and government leaders on artificial intelligence, cyber threats, cloud security, countering influence operations, reducing the risk of biotechnologies, and ensuring global digital inclusion.

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About the Authors

Kayla Blomquist

Oxford China Policy Lab, Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative

Elisabeth Siegel

Oxford China Policy Lab, Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative

Ben Harack

Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative

Kwan Yee Ng

Kwan Yee Ng is a Senior Program Manager at Concordia AI, a Beijing-based social enterprise focused on AI safety and governance. She was also one of the writers for the International Scientific Report on Advanced AI Safety.

Tom David

General-Purpose AI Policy Lab

Brian Tse

Concordia AI

Charles Martinet

Charles Martinet is a Research Affiliate at the Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative and a Summer Fellow at the Centre for the Governance of AI. His work aims to deliver research-based and operational policy advice for the international and European governance of advanced AI.

Matt Sheehan

Senior Fellow, Asia Program, and Co-Director, China AI Initiative

Matt Sheehan is a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, where his research focuses on global technology issues, with a specialization in China’s artificial intelligence ecosystem. He is also co-director for the China AI Initiative.

Scott Singer

Fellow, Technology and International Affairs, and Co-Director, China AI Initiative

Scott Singer is a fellow and co-director of the China AI Initiative at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, where his work explores the geopolitics and governance of advanced AI systems. He specializes in China’s AI ecosystem, with a particular focus on U.S.-China AI dialogue and diplomacy, U.S. and Chinese approaches to AI strategy, and comparative approaches to AI safety and risk management.

Imane Bello

Future of Life Institute

Zakariyau Yusuf

Tech Governance Project

Robert F. Trager

Robert F. Trager is Co-Director of the Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative, International Governance Lead at the Centre for the Governance of AI, and Senior Research Fellow at the Blavatnik School of Government at the University of Oxford. He is a recognized expert in the international governance of emerging technologies and regularly advises government and industry leaders on these topics.

Fadi Salem

Policy Research Department, Mohammed bin Rashid School of Government

Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh

Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh is Director of the AI: Futures and Responsibility Programme at the University of Cambridge. His work focuses on foresight, risk and governance relating to advanced AI systems.

Jing Zhao

School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University

Kai Jia

School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Authors

Kayla Blomquist
Oxford China Policy Lab, Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative
Elisabeth Siegel
Oxford China Policy Lab, Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative
Ben Harack
Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative
Kwan Yee Ng

Kwan Yee Ng is a Senior Program Manager at Concordia AI, a Beijing-based social enterprise focused on AI safety and governance. She was also one of the writers for the International Scientific Report on Advanced AI Safety.

Tom David
General-Purpose AI Policy Lab
Brian Tse
Concordia AI
Charles Martinet

Charles Martinet is a Research Affiliate at the Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative and a Summer Fellow at the Centre for the Governance of AI. His work aims to deliver research-based and operational policy advice for the international and European governance of advanced AI.

Matt Sheehan
Senior Fellow, Asia Program, and Co-Director, China AI Initiative
Matt Sheehan
Scott Singer
Fellow, Technology and International Affairs, and Co-Director, China AI Initiative
Scott Singer
Imane Bello
Future of Life Institute
Zakariyau Yusuf
Tech Governance Project
Robert F. Trager

Robert F. Trager is Co-Director of the Oxford Martin AI Governance Initiative, International Governance Lead at the Centre for the Governance of AI, and Senior Research Fellow at the Blavatnik School of Government at the University of Oxford. He is a recognized expert in the international governance of emerging technologies and regularly advises government and industry leaders on these topics.

Robert F. Trager
Fadi Salem
Policy Research Department, Mohammed bin Rashid School of Government
Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh

Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh is Director of the AI: Futures and Responsibility Programme at the University of Cambridge. His work focuses on foresight, risk and governance relating to advanced AI systems.

Jing Zhao
School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University
Kai Jia
School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
AITechnology

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

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