Evidence is strong that affective polarization and democratic backsliding are interlinked phenomena.

The lack of consensus on the definition and measurement of polarization continues to hamper generalized conclusions on the relationship between polarization and autocratization.

Three factors explain Erdogan’s stronger-than-expected first-round performance.

To better understand the various paths by which societies might overcome or reduce political divisions, this working paper examines perniciously polarized countries that have successfully depolarized, at least for a time.