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{
  "authors": [
    "David Livingston"
  ],
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  "centerAffiliationAll": "dc",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace"
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  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
  "programAffiliation": "SCP",
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    "Sustainability, Climate, and Geopolitics"
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Source: Getty

Other

At Keystone XL’s Destination, A Global Battle Brewing

Recent upheavals in the oil market, most notably the growth in North American unconventional oil and the evolving response of OPEC, are prompting a reappraisal of conventional wisdom across a number of areas.

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By David Livingston
Published on Jul 7, 2015
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Program

Sustainability, Climate, and Geopolitics

The Sustainability, Climate, and Geopolitics Program explores how climate change and the responses to it are changing international politics, global governance, and world security. Our work covers topics from the geopolitical implications of decarbonization and environmental breakdown to the challenge of building out clean energy supply chains, alternative protein options, and other challenges of a warming planet.

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Carnegie Oil Initiative

The Carnegie Oil Initiative analyzed global oils, assessing their differences from climate, environmental, economic, and geopolitical perspectives. This knowledge provides strategic guidance and policy frameworks for decision making.

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Source: European Centre for Energy and Resource Security

Recent upheavals in the oil market, most notab ly the growth in North American unconventional oil and the evolving response of OPEC, are prompting a re - appraisal of conventional wisdom across a number of areas. Though analysis has tended to focus on global dynamics, many of the oil market’s defining ch aracteristics are determined by regionalized micro - competition. This article explores evolving supply dynamics in the U.S. Gulf Coast, the most important refining hub and single largest source of heavy oil refining capacity. The implications of these evolv ing dynamics hold repercussions for the debate over the Keystone XL pipeline, Saudi Arabia’s ability to maintain a foothold in the North American market, and the heightened competition among heavy crude oils in the Western Hemisphere. It is suggested that U.S. policymakers place their ultimate focus not upon individual pieces of infrastructure, but instead upon establishing strategic priorities for managing the new and dynamic supplies of oil – including heavy oil – that is competing for refinery capacity i n North America.

This article was originally published by the European Centre for Energy and Resource Security.

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About the Author

David Livingston

Former Associate Fellow, Energy and Climate Program

Livingston was an associate fellow in Carnegie’s Energy and Climate Program, where his research focuses on emerging markets, technologies, and risks.

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David Livingston
Former Associate Fellow, Energy and Climate Program
Climate ChangeNorth AmericaUnited States

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

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