• Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
Carnegie Global logoCarnegie lettermark logo
DemocracyIran
  • Donate
{
  "authors": [
    "Nancy Birdsall"
  ],
  "type": "other",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace"
  ],
  "collections": [],
  "englishNewsletterAll": "",
  "nonEnglishNewsletterAll": "",
  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
  "programAffiliation": "",
  "programs": [],
  "projects": [],
  "regions": [
    "North America"
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Trade"
  ]
}
REQUIRED IMAGE

REQUIRED IMAGE

Other

World Bank of the Future: Victim, Villain or Global Credit Union?

Link Copied
By Nancy Birdsall
Published on Sep 25, 2000

Source: Carnegie

Street protesters in Prague in September 2000 are not the only ones complaining about the World Bank. Conservative critics are pointing the finger too. On the left, champions of social justice argue that World Bank loan conditions hurt the poor. On the right, conservatives claim lending practices crowd out private investment. Critics from all sides compound public confusion about globalization and the impact on people of global financial institutions.

Nancy Birdsall dissects the critics' positions and proposes World Bank reforms rarely put on the table: end "cookie-cutter pricing" or the outdated tradition of a single interest rate and loan term no matter what; give countries like China and Brazil more voting power; and don't give up on much-maligned conditionality but fix and enforce it. Birdsall notes that governance of international financial institutions will never be perfectly representative nor accountable, in part because of failures of democracy in borrowing countries. But, conceiving of the World Bank as a club, she argues for balanced reform not shutdown.

Click on the link above for the full text of this Policy Brief.

About the Author

Nancy Birdsall

Former Senior Associate

    Recent Work

  • Report
    The Role of the Multilateral Development Banks in Emerging Market Economies

      Nancy Birdsall

  • Report
    Washington Contentious: Economic Policies for Social Equity in Latin America

      Nancy Birdsall, Rachel Menezes

Nancy Birdsall
Former Senior Associate
TradeNorth America

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

More Work from Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    Price Analysis Shows China Holds Upper Hand in Russia Gas Supply Talks

    A leak of Russian gas price data helps establish that China is paying Russia far less than Central Asian countries and Gazprom’s former European customers.

      • Sergey Vakulenko

      Sergey Vakulenko

  • Men in suits watching people dancing
    Commentary
    Emissary
    Central Asia Wants U.S. Investments. It Is Less Sure About U.S. Conditions.

    Rubio’s recent visit brought welcome attention, but more capital requires governance changes that may be a hard sell for regional governments.

      Jennifer B. Murtazashvili

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    How Will Trump and Putin’s Diesel Deal Impact Russia and Global Markets?

    Without a ceasefire with Ukraine on attacking each other’s energy infrastructure—to which the Kremlin is unlikely to agree—the diesel agreement between Putin and Trump is largely for show, rather than representing a genuine increase in the volumes of Russian diesel on the global market.

      • Sergey Vakulenko

      Sergey Vakulenko

  • Commentary
    Strategic Europe
    How the EU’s Single Market Could Unlock Enlargement

    Much has been said of the changes Brussels is trying to make to the EU enlargement process. Here’s why gradual integration might—or might not—be the answer.

      Dimitar Bechev

  • Commentary
    Strategic Europe
    Taking the Pulse: Can the EU Stare Down China on Trade?

    The European Commissioner for Trade is headed to China. But after President Xi’s bridge-building visit to Washington, can a more isolated EU overcome Beijing’s stranglehold on critical raw materials? Who will blink first?

      • Rym Momtaz

      Rym Momtaz, ed.

Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Carnegie global logo, stacked
1779 Massachusetts Avenue NWWashington, DC, 20036-2103Phone: 202 483 7600
  • Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
  • Donate
  • Programs
  • Events
  • Blogs
  • Podcasts
  • Contact
  • Annual Reports
  • Careers
  • Privacy
  • For Media
  • Government Resources
Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
© 2026 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. All rights reserved.