• Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
Carnegie Global logoCarnegie lettermark logo
DemocracyIran
  • Donate
{
  "authors": [
    "Marwan Muasher"
  ],
  "type": "legacyinthemedia",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "dc",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
    "Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center"
  ],
  "collections": [
    "Arab Awakening"
  ],
  "englishNewsletterAll": "menaTransitions",
  "nonEnglishNewsletterAll": "",
  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
  "programAffiliation": "MEP",
  "programs": [
    "Middle East"
  ],
  "projects": [],
  "regions": [
    "Middle East",
    "North Africa",
    "Egypt",
    "Gulf",
    "Levant",
    "Maghreb"
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Political Reform",
    "Democracy"
  ]
}

Source: Getty

In The Media

Assessing the Progress Toward Democracy in the Middle East

Pluralism is a necessary precondition for people to move towards inclusive, democratic societies that will tolerate different points of views and lay the groundwork for prosperity and stability.

Link Copied
By Marwan Muasher
Published on Mar 13, 2014
Program mobile hero image

Program

Middle East

The Middle East Program in Washington combines in-depth regional knowledge with incisive comparative analysis to provide deeply informed recommendations. With expertise in the Gulf, North Africa, Iran, and Israel/Palestine, we examine crosscutting themes of political, economic, and social change in both English and Arabic.

Learn More

Source: KQED Radio

“I think the Arab world has been living in an era of artificially induced stability… stability that was brought about by closing the political space,” said Carnegie’s Marwan Muasher, speaking on KQED Radio. “Now that the lid has been lifted, naturally we’re not going to see this transformation and historical process unfold in a short three years.” Speaking about his new book, The Second Arab Awakening and the Battle for Pluralism, Muasher argued that the current process underway in the Arab world will not unfold linearly, smoothly, or quickly, and depending on the circumstances, different countries will have different results because the Arab world is not monolithic.

“Without people adopting pluralism as the operating system, they’ll have no chance at arriving at a stable society,” Muasher explained. Pluralism is a necessary precondition for people to move towards inclusive societies that will tolerate different points of views and lay the groundwork for prosperity and stability, he said. “There are no shortcuts to democracy. Democracy is not going to emerge overnight just because authoritarian governments have been deposed. There are prerequisites to democratic cultures,” Muasher maintained, and while institutions that ensure democractic societies must be put in place, the transformation will take decades.

This interview was originally broadcast on KQED Radio.

About the Author

Marwan Muasher

Vice President for Studies

Marwan Muasher is vice president for studies at Carnegie, where he oversees research in Washington and Beirut on the Middle East. Muasher served as foreign minister (2002–2004) and deputy prime minister (2004–2005) of Jordan, and his career has spanned the areas of diplomacy, development, civil society, and communications.

    Recent Work

  • Q&A
    The Myriad Problems With the Iran Ceasefire
      • Andrew Leber
      • Eric Lob
      • +1

      Amr Hamzawy, Andrew Leber, Eric Lob, …

  • Commentary
    The Iran War Is Uncovering the Weakness in U.S.-Gulf Ties

      Marwan Muasher

Marwan Muasher
Vice President for Studies
Marwan Muasher
Political ReformDemocracyMiddle EastNorth AfricaEgyptGulfLevantMaghreb

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

More Work from Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

  • Peter Magyar delivers his first official speech after he was sworn into the parliament as the new Prime Minister of Hungary under the TISZA party, during today's inaugural session of the Hungarian Parliament, in Budapest, Hungary on 9 May 2026.
    Article
    How Is Hungary’s New Government Doing?

    Despite myriad challenges and occasional stumbles, the new Hungarian government is moving ahead with energy and conviction to uproot years of illiberalism and corruption and rebuild Hungarian democracy.

      Thomas Carothers

  • Photo of black smoke rising from an Iranian oil facility after an airstrike.
    Article
    The Iran War’s Climate, Environmental, and Human Security Fallout

    Understanding the climatic pain points is necessary for policymakers hoping to minimize the war’s negative environmental consequences.

      • Alejandro Rodriguez
      • Joy Arkeh
      • Sarah Yerkes

      Alejandro Martin Rodriguez, Joy Arkeh, Sarah Yerkes

  • Commentary
    Diwan
    On AI, Cairo Plays China and the U.S. Off Against Each Other

    Huawei pushed hard to enter the Egyptian data centers market, until the Americans made a better offer.

      • Angie Omar

      Angie Omar

  • Le Pen France Far Right
    Article
    How Europe’s 2027 Elections Could Test EU Governance

    Radical-right parties are expected to do well in upcoming elections in four of the EU's biggest member states. If successful, they could prevent the union from addressing key challenges ahead.

      Stefan Lehne

  • silhouetted figure watching a row of TVs.
    Commentary
    Emissary
    9/11 at 25: A Reading List for Understanding the War on Terror

    The books, podcasts, and films that explain the world it made.

      • Andrew Leber

      Andrew Leber

Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Carnegie global logo, stacked
1779 Massachusetts Avenue NWWashington, DC, 20036-2103Phone: 202 483 7600
  • Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
  • Donate
  • Programs
  • Events
  • Blogs
  • Podcasts
  • Contact
  • Annual Reports
  • Careers
  • Privacy
  • For Media
  • Government Resources
Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
© 2026 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. All rights reserved.