Paper
Power assessments shape our perceptions of the limits of the possible, but quantitative rankings and dashboards can provide false confidence.
Nicholas Kitchen
Research
Trump’s Protectionism and Future of Global Order: How Useful Are Appeals to History?
Donald Trump’s trade protectionism has provoked a remarkable range of appeals to history, but none fully captures the nature of Trumpian protectionism, even if there are echoes from the past in different aspects of its content.
By Eric Helleiner
Published on Feb 24, 2026
Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.
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