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When sabotage becomes piracy: rethinking the legal protection of undersea infrastructure
Research

When Sabotage Becomes Piracy: Rethinking the Legal Protection of Undersea Infrastructure

An exploration of whether deliberate attacks on undersea cables and pipelines could be classified as piracy under international law.

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By Jacques Hartmann
Published on Feb 17, 2026
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Global Order and Institutions

Carnegie’s Global Order and Institutions Program identifies promising new multilateral initiatives and frameworks to realize a more peaceful, prosperous, just, and sustainable world. That mission has never been more important, or more challenging. Geopolitical competition, populist nationalism, economic inequality, technological innovation, and a planetary ecological emergency are testing the rules-based international order and complicating collective responses to shared threats. Our mission is to design global solutions to global problems.

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About the Author

Jacques Hartmann

Jacques Hartmann
Security

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

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