• Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
Carnegie Global logoCarnegie lettermark logo
DemocracyIran
  • Donate
{
  "authors": [
    "Anders Aslund"
  ],
  "type": "other",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "dc",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace"
  ],
  "collections": [],
  "englishNewsletterAll": "ctw",
  "nonEnglishNewsletterAll": "",
  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
  "programAffiliation": "russia",
  "programs": [
    "Russia and Eurasia"
  ],
  "projects": [],
  "regions": [
    "Eastern Europe"
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Trade"
  ]
}
REQUIRED IMAGE

REQUIRED IMAGE

Other

Building Capitalism: Lessons of the Postcommunist Experience

Link Copied
By Anders Aslund
Published on Dec 12, 2001
Program mobile hero image

Program

Russia and Eurasia

The Russia and Eurasia Program continues Carnegie’s long tradition of independent research on major political, societal, and security trends in and U.S. policy toward a region that has been upended by Russia’s war against Ukraine.  Leaders regularly turn to our work for clear-eyed, relevant analyses on the region to inform their policy decisions.

Learn More

Source: Carnegie

One decade of postcommunist transformation has brought widely differing outcomes to the countries of the former Soviet bloc, ranging from fairly normal market economies to state-owned and state-controlled economies.

These economic systems and their performance have directly resulted from the policies the countries pursued. No country has suffered from too radical reforms-liberalization, stabilization, and privatization have driven growth. The main problem limiting growth in countries with gradual or no reforms is the rent seeking caused by transitional market distortions.

Countries with more effective democracies have produced better market reforms, because the voices of liberal market reformers are more likely to be heard in the struggle with the rent-seeking elite who would continue attempting to make money on the very transition.

Click on the link above for full text of this Policy Brief.

A limited number of print copies are also available.
Request a copy

About the Author
Anders Åslund
has been a senior associate in the Russian and Eurasian Program at the Carnegie Endowment since 1994. He is a leading specialist on post-communist economic transformation, especially in Russia and Ukraine. He has served as a senior economic adviser to the governments of Russia, Ukraine, and Kyrgyzstan.

A prolific writer, Åslund has authored six books and edited nine. Most recently, he has authored Building Capitalism: The Transformation of the Former Soviet Bloc. He is a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences and is an honorary professor of the Krygyz National University.

About the Author

Anders Aslund

Former Senior Associate, Director, Russian and Eurasian Program

    Recent Work

  • Other
    Putin's Decline and America's Response

      Anders Aslund

  • Testimony
    Democracy in Retreat in Russia

      Anders Aslund

Anders Aslund
Former Senior Associate, Director, Russian and Eurasian Program
Anders Aslund
TradeEastern Europe

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

More Work from Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    Price Analysis Shows China Holds Upper Hand in Russia Gas Supply Talks

    A leak of Russian gas price data helps establish that China is paying Russia far less than Central Asian countries and Gazprom’s former European customers.

      • Sergey Vakulenko

      Sergey Vakulenko

  • Men in suits watching people dancing
    Commentary
    Emissary
    Central Asia Wants U.S. Investments. It Is Less Sure About U.S. Conditions.

    Rubio’s recent visit brought welcome attention, but more capital requires governance changes that may be a hard sell for regional governments.

      Jennifer B. Murtazashvili

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    How Will Trump and Putin’s Diesel Deal Impact Russia and Global Markets?

    Without a ceasefire with Ukraine on attacking each other’s energy infrastructure—to which the Kremlin is unlikely to agree—the diesel agreement between Putin and Trump is largely for show, rather than representing a genuine increase in the volumes of Russian diesel on the global market.

      • Sergey Vakulenko

      Sergey Vakulenko

  • Commentary
    Strategic Europe
    How the EU’s Single Market Could Unlock Enlargement

    Much has been said of the changes Brussels is trying to make to the EU enlargement process. Here’s why gradual integration might—or might not—be the answer.

      Dimitar Bechev

  • Commentary
    Strategic Europe
    Taking the Pulse: Can the EU Stare Down China on Trade?

    The European Commissioner for Trade is headed to China. But after President Xi’s bridge-building visit to Washington, can a more isolated EU overcome Beijing’s stranglehold on critical raw materials? Who will blink first?

      • Rym Momtaz

      Rym Momtaz, ed.

Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Carnegie global logo, stacked
1779 Massachusetts Avenue NWWashington, DC, 20036-2103Phone: 202 483 7600
  • Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
  • Donate
  • Programs
  • Events
  • Blogs
  • Podcasts
  • Contact
  • Annual Reports
  • Careers
  • Privacy
  • For Media
  • Government Resources
Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
© 2026 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. All rights reserved.