• Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
Carnegie Global logoCarnegie lettermark logo
DemocracyIran
  • Donate
{
  "authors": [
    "Maria Lipman"
  ],
  "type": "commentary",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
    "Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center"
  ],
  "collections": [],
  "englishNewsletterAll": "",
  "nonEnglishNewsletterAll": "",
  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center",
  "programAffiliation": "",
  "programs": [],
  "projects": [],
  "regions": [
    "North America",
    "United States",
    "Russia",
    "Eastern Europe",
    "Ukraine"
  ],
  "topics": []
}

Source: Getty

Commentary
Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center

Celebrate the People, Not the Leaders

This year’s top three “men of the year” include Pope Francis, Vladimir Putin, and Edward Snowden. But if the “people who made history in 2013” were to be chosen, it should be the actual people—those Ukrainians who have gathered in the Kiev Independence Square.

Link Copied
By Maria Lipman
Published on Dec 19, 2013

This year’s top three “men of the year” include Pope Francis, Vladimir Putin, and Edward Snowden.

Pope Francis came in first in the Time Magazine’s rating, with Snowden close behind him. Vladimir Putin was picked as this year’s number one in the Forbes list of the most powerful. Edward Snowden was the choice of his original “promoter,” The Guardian. None of the three publications can claim “objectivity:” the choice is made either by the publication’s editors or its readers. But the preferences of the American people at large were not dissimilar from those of the cited media—no wonder, since the people’s opinions are mostly shaped by the media. In a public opinion poll conducted by Rasmussen Reports, a prominent American pollster, Pope Francis was number one, President Obama came in second, and the third was Republican Senator Ted Cruz, an anti-Obamacare crusader. Cruz was also a runner-up in the Time Magazine’s list. The Russian people picked President Putin as their number one for 2013—as they have done every year since 1999, according to the Russian pollster FOM (Public Opinion Foundation).

The constancy of the Russian choice may be anomalous, yet easily explained by Putin’s uncontested political power and his status as the “leader-of-no-alternative.” In a politically diverse environment, such as the United States, “men of the year” vary year to year, yet the choice is amazingly self-evident. The Forbes rating of the world’s most powerful people is especially striking in this respect. The need to pick “the most powerful” has reduced the nominees to a small group of leaders of the most influential nations: Obama, Hu Jintao, Putin in 2009; Hu Jintao, Obama, King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia in 2010. The absence of the Russian leader at the top of the 2010 list was likely caused by the hope of a real transfer of power in the Russian Federation, but since no such thing happened, in 2011 Forbes is back to the familiar triad: Obama, Putin, and Hu Jintao. In 2012, the top three were Obama, Merkel, and Putin—the absence of the Chinese leader was likely due to the forthcoming change of guard in the People’s Republic. Finally, in 2013, with the new Chinese leader firmly in place the Forbes’ “most powerful” are Putin, Obama, and Xi Jinping.

The Time Magazine’s “Man of the Year,” launched in 1927, is not restricted to political figures, but still most of those who have appeared on its “man of the year” cover are national leaders. This collection includes almost every American president, some of them twice, as well as an array of heads of state, from monarchs to general secretaries of the communist party and the Paramount Leader Deng Xiaoping. In 1999, the “Man of the Year” was replaced by a politically correct “Person of the Year,” but the overwhelming majority of “persons” were still male figures—politicians or entrepreneurs.

Every now and then since the launch of the Time Magazine’s “Man of the Year” over 80 years ago, the editors have chosen not an individual, but a group or a category. For instance, in 1993 it was “The Peacemakers,” in 2002 “The Whistleblowers,” in 2005 “The Good Samaritans,” and in 2006 the choice of “You” celebrated “the individual content creator on the World Wide Web. (A couple of times the “man of the year” was an inanimate object: “The Computer” in 1982 and “The Endangered Earth” in 1988.)

By choosing The Whistleblowers or The Good Samaritans The Time editors probably wanted to offer their readers a diversion from the dull line of the topmost political and business figures. But another trend may be also at work here. Groups and categories first occurred in the 1950s and have appeared more often in recent times. This may reflect a somewhat lower role of the leaders and a larger role of the people in shaping their societies’ lives. Or, looking from a different perspective, this may have to do with the often lamented disappearance of great statesmen.

Anyhow, if I were to choose the “people who made history in 2013,” I would think about the actual people. I would vote for those Ukrainians who gathered in the Kiev Independence Square. Hundreds of thousands came to stand up for their compatriots severely beaten by the police. The Ukrainian people’s peaceful and mostly leaderless antigovernment protest was driven by a genuine and selfless desire to improve their country. They did not succeed. But their amazing tenacity and resilience made history in 2013.

About the Author

Maria Lipman

Former Scholar in Residence, Society and Regions Program, Editor in Chief, Pro et Contra, Moscow Center

Lipman was the editor in chief of the Pro et Contra journal, published by the Carnegie Moscow Center. She was also the expert of the Carnegie Moscow Center’s Society and Regions Program.

    Recent Work

  • Commentary
    The Russian State Power and the Ukrainian Human Factor

      Maria Lipman

  • Commentary
    Putin’s Crimean Conquest Pushes Russia to an Anti-Modernization Course

      Maria Lipman

Maria Lipman
Former Scholar in Residence, Society and Regions Program, Editor in Chief, Pro et Contra, Moscow Center
Maria Lipman
North AmericaUnited StatesRussiaEastern EuropeUkraine

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

More Work from Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

  • Trump walking toward Xi, both with arms extended to shake hands
    Commentary
    Emissary
    The U.S. and China Need an AI Hotline. Here’s How to Build It.

    It should address the shortcomings of previous crisis communication efforts and adapt to the demands of frontier AI.

      • Lucy Luo

      Lucy Luo

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    Leaving Russian-Speakers Without Representation Is a Risk for Latvia

    If the Russian-speaking community in Latvia cannot articulate their interests without being seen as disloyal, they could end up embracing a pro-Kremlin agenda.

      Sergejs Potapkins

  • Soldiers standing behind barbed wire
    Commentary
    Emissary
    The UN Isn’t Declining. It’s Decomposing.

    Washington’s decision to support some UN functions while letting others wither is pulling the organization apart at the seams.

      Stewart Patrick, Theodore Zaritsky

  • 2026 Carnegie California AI Survey
    Paper
    2026 Carnegie California AI Survey

    While there are notable demographic, economic, and geographic divides over AI, there is also substantial alignment between Republicans and Democrats.

      • Rachel George
      • +2

      Ian Klaus, Mark Baldassare, Rachel George, …

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    Putin Has Been a Hindrance, Not a Help, to United Russia’s Election Campaign

    Russia’s ruling party would have benefited from Putin appearing as its distant patron, but as an active frontman imposing his views on the public, he has done nothing but harm both the party’s election campaign and the ruling system overall.

      Andrey Pertsev

Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Carnegie global logo, stacked
1779 Massachusetts Avenue NWWashington, DC, 20036-2103Phone: 202 483 7600
  • Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
  • Donate
  • Programs
  • Events
  • Blogs
  • Podcasts
  • Contact
  • Annual Reports
  • Careers
  • Privacy
  • For Media
  • Government Resources
Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
© 2026 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. All rights reserved.