Paper
Sophia Besch, Tara Varma
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REQUIRED IMAGE
In The Media
Cooperation and Integration: Why Vilnius is also about EU
The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 is widely said to have transformed European defense, aligning threat perceptions, raising defense budgets, and focusing political will.
By Sophia Besch
Published on Jul 5, 2023
About the Author
Sophia Besch
Senior Fellow, Europe Program
Sophia Besch is a senior fellow in the Europe Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Her research focuses on European foreign and defense policy.
- Will American Power in Europe Run Out?
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- +1
Sophia Besch, Alper Coşkun, Nate Reynolds, …
Recent Work
Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.
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