Commentary
Oliver Stuenkel, Adrian Feinberg
Research
Multi-Alignment as Strategy: How Brazil Navigates Between Washington, Beijing, and the Global South
Brazil’s self-image as a “giant by nature” drives its ambitions and a foreign policy rooted in multi‑alignment.
Published on Nov 20, 2025
About the Author
Oliver Stuenkel
Senior Fellow, Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program
Oliver Stuenkel is an associate professor at the School of International Relations at Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) in São Paulo, Brazil. He is also a senior fellow affiliated with the Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
- Trump Can Play Kingmaker in Latin America. He Can’t Build Lasting Influence.
- The U.S. Plan for Venezuela Has a Precedent. It’s Not Good.Commentary
Oliver Stuenkel, Adrian Feinberg
Recent Work
Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.
More Work from Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
- 9/11 at 25: A Reading List for Understanding the War on TerrorCommentary
The books, podcasts, and films that explain the world it made.
Andrew Leber
- The Fallout of the U.S.–Canada Trade War Won’t Be Limited to North AmericaCommentary
U.S. trading partners in Asia are closely watching the dispute for signs of how it may affect their own interests.
Barbara Weisel
- Europe Fails to Learn the Lessons from CeutaCommentary
The aftermath of the Ceuta crisis shows Europe has drawn the wrong lessons. Rather than doubling down on failed migration policies, the EU needs to address the underlying roots of such episodes.
Richard Youngs
- America Walks Away from Global DemocracyPaper
By abandoning past U.S. pro-democracy policies and adopting several lines of pro-autocratic action, the Trump administration has fundamentally repositioned the United States vis-à-vis democracy in the world.
Thomas Carothers
- American Power: A View from ChinaPaper
Chinese strategists are once again debating whether American power is declining and whether U.S. hegemony is experiencing irreversible decay.
Wu Xinbo
