• Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
Carnegie Global logoCarnegie lettermark logo
DemocracyIran
  • Donate
{
  "authors": [
    "Marc Pierini"
  ],
  "type": "commentary",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
    "Carnegie Europe",
    "Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center"
  ],
  "collections": [
    "Turkey’s Transformation"
  ],
  "englishNewsletterAll": "",
  "nonEnglishNewsletterAll": "",
  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie Europe",
  "programAffiliation": "",
  "programs": [],
  "projects": [],
  "regions": [
    "Middle East",
    "Europe",
    "Türkiye",
    "Saudi Arabia"
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Political Reform",
    "Foreign Policy"
  ]
}

Source: Getty

Commentary
Carnegie Europe

What Does Turkey Want From the Khashoggi Murder?

Why has Turkey responded to the murder of dissident Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi so vocally?

Link Copied
By Marc Pierini
Published on Nov 20, 2018

What’s happening?

Seven weeks after Jamal Khashoggi was brutally murdered at the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, there are still major disagreements between Ankara and Riyadh on how it happened and who ordered the killing. Turkey has been drip-feeding sensitive information to the international media and allied governments, which has put pressure on the Saudi royal family to respond. But Turkey is treading carefully. While pro-government media have directly accused Saudi Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman of orchestrating the murder, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has kept clear of implicating the Saudi royals in a crime.

The Turkish government’s motivations seem to be threefold. First, it is angry that Riyadh blatantly violated the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, by sending officials to carry out the murder and clean up afterwards, and then gave successive different explanations of what happened.

Second, the Turkish leadership might find it attractive to be seen publically defending press freedom, given its own record of jailing journalists.

Finally, there might be a more remote goal of claiming ground as a genuine Sunni moral leader, as both Turkey and Saudi Arabia have majority Sunni Muslim populations.

Why does it matter?

The difference in how the Turkish and U.S. presidents have handled the Khashoggi murder presents another hurdle for the strained U.S-Turkey relationship. Erdoğan seems determined to get to the bottom of the issue, whether through a trial in Turkey (which is highly improbable) or an international investigation. U.S. President Donald Trump seems to be hoping things will blow over.

Other obstacles to U.S.-Turkish relations loom over defense issues, such as Turkey buying Russian missiles, Syrian Kurdish forces teaming up with the U.S.-led coalition against the self-proclaimed Islamic State, and a Turkish bank running an Iran sanctions–evasion scheme.

Why does Turkey want to stir up more trouble with the United States? Realistically, it is not going to persuade the United States to withdraw support for Saudi Arabia. Turkey may simply wish to introduce new cards to the complex game already being played. Erdoğan’s speech to the UN General Assembly in September defined Turkey’s general diplomatic approach: being part of the solution to an increasing number of global issues. Turkey may also be bargaining for the return of exiled Turkish cleric Fethullah Gülen, who lives in the United States.

What’s next?

There is little doubt that the Saudi crown prince at least knew of—and was possibly involved in—the Khashoggi murder. Any remaining uncertainty is likely to vanish if Turkey keeps revealing new elements of its own inquiry. But it will not massively change Riyadh’s fundamental relationship with Washington, or with many European capitals.

A shift in Saudi Arabia’s relationship with the West is simply not in the cards, and speculating about domestic power plays inside the kingdom is always hazardous. Yet Ankara will probably keep bringing attention to the murder in order to maximize its visibility and impress upon Western partners the notion that, whether they like it or not, Turkey matters.

About the Author

Marc Pierini

Senior Fellow, Carnegie Europe

Marc Pierini is a senior fellow at Carnegie Europe, where his research focuses on developments in the Middle East and Turkey from a European perspective.

    Recent Work

  • Article
    Turkey’s Four Headaches Are Also Europe’s

      Marc Pierini

  • Commentary
    The Denmark-Greenland-U.S. Agreement Needs to Stand the Test of Time

      Marc Pierini

Marc Pierini
Senior Fellow, Carnegie Europe
Marc Pierini
Political ReformForeign PolicyMiddle EastEuropeTürkiyeSaudi Arabia

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

More Work from Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

  • Capitol building from below
    Commentary
    Emissary
    What the New Democratic Congress Can (and Can’t) Do on Foreign Policy

    Democrats now have the gavel and the purse, but the executive branch still pulls the levers on the U.S. role in the world.

      • +10

      James M. Acton, Dan Baer, Mark Baldassare, …

  • military personnel standing around a helicopter
    Commentary
    Emissary
    How a U.S.-Russia Standoff Ended a Decades-Old UN Mission in Western Sahara

    MINURSO’s renewal by the Security Council became highly politicized. Its expiration brings concerns about renewed violence and the future of demining efforts.

      • Sarah Yerkes

      Sarah Yerkes

  • Aerial shot of a group of buildings
    Commentary
    Emissary
    COP31 and the Future of Climate Clubs

    As the United States exits UN climate efforts, these smaller and less formal groupings will take on greater significance in global climate governance.

      Theodore Zaritsky, Stewart Patrick

  • Commentary
    Strategic Europe
    Is Russia Winning the Perception War in Germany?

    In Germany, competing perceptions of Russia are highlighting a tension between public opinion and government policy. In the country’s east, where division is widespread, populist parties are taking advantage.

      • Gwendolyn Sasse

      Gwendolyn Sasse

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    Red Sea Mirage: Why Russia Is Still Waiting on a Military Base in Sudan

    Russia’s coveted Red Sea naval base has fallen victim to its erratic foreign policy.

      Sergey Konyashin

Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Carnegie global logo, stacked
1779 Massachusetts Avenue NWWashington, DC, 20036-2103Phone: 202 483 7600
  • Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
  • Donate
  • Programs
  • Events
  • Blogs
  • Podcasts
  • Contact
  • Annual Reports
  • Careers
  • Privacy
  • For Media
  • Government Resources
Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
© 2026 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. All rights reserved.