Program
Technology and International Affairs
Cyber and Digital Policy

To achieve greater stability and civility in cyberspace, Carnegie’s Technology and International Affairs program develops strategies and policies in several key areas and promotes international cooperation and norms by engaging key decisionmakers in governments and industry.

Streams of Work

Streams of Work

Cyber Norms

In support of the international cybersecurity norms process, our Cyber Norms Index tracks relevant multilateral and bilateral accords at the UN, the G20, the OSCE and other international organizations and fora. In addition, our scholars regularly publish in-depth analyses of latest developments and trends and develop specific proposals for consideration by decision-makers in government and industry alike.

Cyber Norms

In support of the international cybersecurity norms process, our Cyber Norms Index tracks relevant multilateral and bilateral accords at the UN, the G20, the OSCE and other international organizations and fora. In addition, our scholars regularly publish in-depth analyses of latest developments and trends and develop specific proposals for consideration by decision-makers in government and industry alike.

Encryption Working Group

Working with Princeton University, we have convened an Encryption Working Group to advance a more constructive dialogue on encryption policy. The working group consists of former government officials, business representatives, privacy and civil rights advocates, law enforcement experts, and computer scientists. Learn more about its members and papers released so far.

Encryption Working Group

Working with Princeton University, we have convened an Encryption Working Group to advance a more constructive dialogue on encryption policy. The working group consists of former government officials, business representatives, privacy and civil rights advocates, law enforcement experts, and computer scientists. Learn more about its members and papers released so far.

Cyber Conflict in the Russia-Ukraine War

To understand the cyber elements of the Russia-Ukraine war, Carnegie offers original research on the impact of both Russia’s cyber attacks and Ukraine’s cyber defense.

Cyber Conflict in the Russia-Ukraine War

To understand the cyber elements of the Russia-Ukraine war, Carnegie offers original research on the impact of both Russia’s cyber attacks and Ukraine’s cyber defense.

Cybersecurity and the Financial System

To protect the financial system against cyber threats, our project provides actionable policy proposals and in-depth strategic analysis for governments and industry alike with practical guidance to enhance resilience of the financial system around the globe.

Cybersecurity and the Financial System

To protect the financial system against cyber threats, our project provides actionable policy proposals and in-depth strategic analysis for governments and industry alike with practical guidance to enhance resilience of the financial system around the globe.

Experts

Experts

Jon Bateman

Senior Fellow and Co-Director, Technology and International Affairs Program

Jon Bateman is a senior fellow and co-director of the Technology and International Affairs Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

Arthur Nelson

Acting Co-Director, Technology and International Affairs Program

Arthur Nelson is acting co-director of Carnegie’s Technology and International Affairs Program.

Ariel (Eli) Levite

Nonresident Senior Fellow, Nuclear Policy Program, Technology and International Affairs Program

Levite was the principal deputy director general for policy at the Israeli Atomic Energy Commission from 2002 to 2007.

Gavin Wilde

Senior Fellow, Technology and International Affairs

Gavin Wilde is a senior fellow in the Technology and International Affairs Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, where he applies his expertise on Russia and information warfare to examine the strategic challenges posed by cyber and influence operations, propaganda, and emerging technologies.

Lakshmee Sharma

Senior Research Analyst, Technology and Internatonal Affairs

Lakshmee Sharma is a senior research analyst in the Technology and International Affairs Program at Carnegie, where she focuses on the social, political, and economic impacts of digital technology. With an international development perspective, she explores technology adoption for equitable inclusion.

Aubra Anthony

Senior Fellow, Technology and International Affairs Program

Aubra Anthony is a senior fellow in the Technology and International Affairs Program at Carnegie, where she researches the human impacts of digital technology, specifically in emerging markets.

Jon Bateman

Senior Fellow and Co-Director, Technology and International Affairs Program

Jon Bateman is a senior fellow and co-director of the Technology and International Affairs Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

Arthur Nelson

Acting Co-Director, Technology and International Affairs Program

Arthur Nelson is acting co-director of Carnegie’s Technology and International Affairs Program.

Ariel (Eli) Levite

Nonresident Senior Fellow, Nuclear Policy Program, Technology and International Affairs Program

Levite was the principal deputy director general for policy at the Israeli Atomic Energy Commission from 2002 to 2007.

Gavin Wilde

Senior Fellow, Technology and International Affairs

Gavin Wilde is a senior fellow in the Technology and International Affairs Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, where he applies his expertise on Russia and information warfare to examine the strategic challenges posed by cyber and influence operations, propaganda, and emerging technologies.

Lakshmee Sharma

Senior Research Analyst, Technology and Internatonal Affairs

Lakshmee Sharma is a senior research analyst in the Technology and International Affairs Program at Carnegie, where she focuses on the social, political, and economic impacts of digital technology. With an international development perspective, she explores technology adoption for equitable inclusion.

Aubra Anthony

Senior Fellow, Technology and International Affairs Program

Aubra Anthony is a senior fellow in the Technology and International Affairs Program at Carnegie, where she researches the human impacts of digital technology, specifically in emerging markets.

Cybersecurity
article
Harmonizing Recent Campaigns to Tame the Hacking Marketplace

The United States, France, and the UK have emerged as key players in countering the proliferation of commercial hacking tools, but divergent strategies threaten the efficacy of individual frameworks.

· June 25, 2024
In The Media
in the media
Microsoft’s Recall Puts the Biden Administration’s Cyber Credibility on the Line

Why has the White House remained silent on the launch of a product that violates the spirit and letter of its flagship cybersecurity initiatives?

· June 12, 2024
CyberScoop
Agents work at the Criminal Investigation Agency in Mexico City on March 7, 2023
paper
Mexico’s National Cybersecurity Policy: Progress Has Stalled Under AMLO

Mexico’s cyber policy has suffered from a lack of political prioritization during the presidency of Andrés Manuel López Obrador. Without greater interest from his successor, there are few prospects for reform and progress in Mexico’s response to cyber threats.

  • Joe Devanny
  • Russell Buchan
· May 28, 2024
In The Media
in the media
Lawfare Daily: Law Enforcement Hacking as a Tool Against Transnational Cyber Crime

Discussing law enforcement efforts to "hack the hackers."

· May 14, 2024
The Lawfare Podcast
paper
Exploring Law Enforcement Hacking as a Tool Against Transnational Cyber Crime

Western law enforcement agencies have become more assertive in responding to international cyber crime, including through their own disruptive cyber operations. This growing trend is generally a positive one, but it also poses new policy challenges—both domestically and abroad.

· April 23, 2024
article
A Digital Odyssey: The Convergence of Rapid Digitization, Population Dynamics, and Financial Risk in Namibia

Namibia’s rapidly growing digital finance sector offers policymakers an opportunity to develop processes and regulations that suit the country’s unique human geography and cultural context.

  • Elmarie Biermann
· April 2, 2024
paper
Security and Trust in Africa’s Digital Financial Inclusion Landscape

Africa leads the world in mobile money adoption while cyber attacks and fraud are rising. How are new efforts faring to increase security and trust in digital financial inclusion?

article
Russia’s Countervalue Cyber Approach: Utility or Futility?

Russia’s disruptive cyber and information operations against Ukraine have proven less decisive—and its victims more resilient—than previously feared. This dynamic follows similar failures by states to coerce or punish targeted populations into submission, suggesting the need to tailor Western threat perceptions of Russian activity—and Western aspirations—in cyberspace.

· February 5, 2024
paper
Cloud Reassurance: A Framework to Enhance Resilience and Trust

As increasing amounts of information and services are moved to the cloud, a few providers have come to manage the bulk of cloud services. This level of dependence and concentration offers some benefits and risks, but policy action is needed to minimize and manage the risks.

paper
South Africa’s Cyber Strategy Under Ramaphosa: Limited Progress, Low Priority

South Africa has adopted a national cybersecurity strategy and established a military Cyber Command. But for years, other issues have been ranked above cybersecurity, such as corruption, poverty, and racial injustice.

  • Joe Devanny
  • Russell Buchan
· January 12, 2024
article
Benefits and Risks of Bank and Savings Group Partnerships in Tanzania

When banks and savings groups form linkages, the two together can generate new financial products and accelerate inclusive finance. However, regulation is needed to address ensuing consumer and cybersecurity risks.

  • Emmanuel Mwanambali Mungongo
· January 8, 2024
In The Media
in the media
Russia’s Cyber Attacks Against Ukraine

The Russian cyber attack on Christmas Eve severely affected Ukraine’s telecommunications networks, which are the main source of information in Ukrainians’ daily lives. To counter the threat, authorities are investing in strengthening cyber resilience.

· January 5, 2024
BBC