• Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
Carnegie Global logoCarnegie lettermark logo
DemocracyIran
  • Donate
{
  "authors": [
    "Michael Kofman"
  ],
  "type": "legacyinthemedia",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "dc",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace"
  ],
  "collections": [],
  "englishNewsletterAll": "ctw",
  "nonEnglishNewsletterAll": "",
  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
  "programAffiliation": "russia",
  "programs": [
    "Russia and Eurasia"
  ],
  "projects": [
    "Ukraine Initiative"
  ],
  "regions": [
    "Russia",
    "Eastern Europe",
    "Ukraine"
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Security",
    "Foreign Policy"
  ]
}

Source: Getty

In The Media

Making Attrition Work: A Viable Theory of Victory for Ukraine

As the Russia–Ukraine war enters its third year, Ukraine faces a daunting task: how to restore its military advantage.

Link Copied
By Michael Kofman
Published on Feb 6, 2024
Program mobile hero image

Program

Russia and Eurasia

The Russia and Eurasia Program continues Carnegie’s long tradition of independent research on major political, societal, and security trends in and U.S. policy toward a region that has been upended by Russia’s war against Ukraine.  Leaders regularly turn to our work for clear-eyed, relevant analyses on the region to inform their policy decisions.

Learn More
Project hero Image

Project

Ukraine Initiative

The United States and its allies and partners need a sustainable, long-term policy framework to defeat Russia’s aggression and help ensure a future for Ukraine as a resilient democracy anchored firmly in Europe. Carnegie has launched a multiyear initiative that will contribute policy and analytical heft to these efforts, in partnership with Ukrainian scholars.

Learn More

Survival

About the Author

Michael Kofman

Senior Fellow, Russia and Eurasia Program

Michael Kofman is a senior fellow in the Russia and Eurasia Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, where he focuses on the Russian military, Ukrainian armed forces, and Eurasian security issues.

    Recent Work

  • Q&A
    The Uncertainty Surrounding Russia’s War in Ukraine, Three Years In
      • +2

      Eric Ciaramella, Michael Kofman, Aaron David Miller, …

  • Paper
    Assessing Russian Military Adaptation in 2023

      Michael Kofman

Michael Kofman
Senior Fellow, Russia and Eurasia Program
Michael Kofman
SecurityForeign PolicyRussiaEastern EuropeUkraine

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

More Work from Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    What’s Behind South Korea’s Rift With Ukraine and Turn Toward Russia?

    There are limits as to how far the shift in South Korea’s foreign policy will go.

      James D.J. Brown

  • Commentary
    A New Age of Nuclear Policy: Perspectives from Gen Z

    As the nuclear order rapidly evolves, what can Europeans and other key players do to strengthen deterrence and reduce risks?

      • Jamie Kwong

      Jamie Kwong, ed.

  • Commentary
    Strategic Europe
    Taking the Pulse: Can Europe Fund Ukraine Without Russian Assets?

    A sizeable funding shortfall looks increasingly likely to hit Ukraine in 2027. Can the Europeans, with their strained budgets and economies, come up with the cash without seizing frozen Russian assets?

      • Rym Momtaz

      Rym Momtaz, ed.

  • Commentary
    Carnegie Politika
    How Realistic Is a U.S.-Brokered Gas Deal Between Russia and the EU?

    A gas deal would create palpable economic value, but it wouldn’t fundamentally change the position of either Russia or the EU.

      • Sergey Vakulenko

      Sergey Vakulenko

  • Commentary
    Strategic Europe
    No, A Democratic Congress Won’t Save Europe

    A blue wave has swept over the U.S. midterms, with Democrats regaining control of both houses of Congress. But Europeans hoping for a return to business as usual should think again.

      • Rym Momtaz

      Rym Momtaz

Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie This Week
Carnegie global logo, stacked
1779 Massachusetts Avenue NWWashington, DC, 20036-2103Phone: 202 483 7600
  • Research
  • Emissary
  • About
  • Experts
  • Donate
  • Programs
  • Events
  • Blogs
  • Podcasts
  • Contact
  • Annual Reports
  • Careers
  • Privacy
  • For Media
  • Government Resources
Get more news and analysis from
Carnegie This Week
© 2026 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. All rights reserved.