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{
  "authors": [
    "Tong Zhao",
    "Dmitry Stefanovich"
  ],
  "type": "legacyinthemedia",
  "centerAffiliationAll": "dc",
  "centers": [
    "Carnegie Endowment for International Peace",
    "Carnegie China"
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  "primaryCenter": "Carnegie China",
  "programAffiliation": "NPP",
  "programs": [
    "Nuclear Policy"
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  "regions": [
    "North America",
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}
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In The Media
Carnegie China

Missile Defense and the Strategic Relationship among the United States, Russia, and China

China views U.S. missile defense as posing a greater potential threat to China’s nuclear deterrent than other U.S. military capabilities.

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By Tong Zhao and Dmitry Stefanovich
Published on May 17, 2023
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Program

Nuclear Policy

The Nuclear Policy Program works to reduce the risk of nuclear catastrophe. Our experts identify and analyze dangers, and then use our global network to advance concrete and pragmatic risk-reduction policies relating to deterrence and international security, arms control, nonproliferation, and nuclear energy.

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American Academy of Arts and Sciences

About the Authors

Tong Zhao

Senior Fellow with the Nuclear Policy Program and Carnegie China

Tong Zhao is a senior fellow with the Nuclear Policy Program and Carnegie China, Carnegie’s East Asia-based research center on contemporary China. Formerly based in Beijing, he now conducts research in Washington on strategic security issues.

Dmitry Stefanovich

Authors

Tong Zhao
Senior Fellow with the Nuclear Policy Program and Carnegie China
Tong Zhao
Dmitry Stefanovich
Nuclear PolicyArms ControlNorth AmericaUnited StatesEast AsiaChinaRussia

Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.

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